上海交通大学学报(医学版) ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (9): 1083-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2019.09.023

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

胃肠道微生物在肿瘤发生中的作用

陆海洋,赵维莅   

  1. 上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院血液科,上海市血液学研究所,医学基因组学国家重点实验室,中法生命科学和基因组学研究中心,上海 200025
  • 出版日期:2019-09-28 发布日期:2019-11-02
  • 通讯作者: 赵维莅,电子信箱:zhaoweili_sih@163.com。
  • 作者简介:陆海洋(1992—),男,博士生;电子信箱: l-ocean@sjtu.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金 (81325003,81520108003,81670716,81201863);上海市科学技术委员会项目 (14430723400,14140903100,16JC1405800);上海市教育委员会高峰高原学科建设计划 (20152206,20152208)

Role of gastrointestinal microbiota in tumorigenesis

LU Hai-yang, ZHAO Wei-li   

  1. Department of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Institute of Hematology; le P.le Sino-Fran.ais de Recherchesen Science du Vivant et Génomique, Shanghai 200025, China
  • Online:2019-09-28 Published:2019-11-02
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, 81325003, 81520108003, 81670716, 81201863; Project of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee, 14430723400, 14140903100, 16JC1405800; Shanghai Municipal Education Commission—Gaofeng Clinical Medicine Support, 20152206, 20152208)。

摘要: 胃肠道微生物对人体的生理功能具有重要影响。近年,人们发现微生物在肿瘤发生发展中亦起到关键作用。异常细菌定植和菌群比例失调不仅能诱发胃肠道局部上皮组织的癌变,还可能影响黏膜下淋巴组织甚至远端器官的癌变。一些微生物可通过产生遗传毒素或活性氧损伤 DNA和干扰细胞 DNA修复机制,引起细胞遗传学不稳定而诱导细胞转化。此外,胃肠道微生物还影响宿主免疫系统功能,构成免疫抑制的微环境,或者诱导慢性炎症反应促进肿瘤发生。胃肠道微生物通过多种机制共同促进肿瘤的发生发展,显示出其与肿瘤的密切关系。

关键词: 胃肠道微生物, 恶性肿瘤, 遗传学不稳定性, 氧化应激, 炎症反应

Abstract:

Gastrointestinal microbiota has an important impact on physiological functions of human body. In recent years, the importance of gastrointestinal microbiota in tumorigenesis has emerged. Aberrant location and proportion of microbiota can canot only carcinogenesis of local epithelia, but also tumorigenesis in submucous tissues or even distant organs. Certain microbes can produce genotoxin or generate reactive oxygen species to caDNA damage and affect DNA damage repair, which leads to genetic instability and induces cell transformation. Moreover, gastrointestinal microbiota is able to affect the function of host immune system and form an immunosuppressive microenvironment, while some other pathogenic bacteria can cachronic inflammation and may be involved in tumor immune escape. Based on the above, gastrointestinal microbiota is oncogenic and closely linked to tumorigenesis.

Key words: gastrointestinal microbiota, malignancy, genetic instability, oxidative stress, inflammation

中图分类号: