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Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science) 2018 Vol.38

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2018, 38 (1): 0-.   Abstract （523）      PDF（pc） （1540KB）（778）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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2018, 38 (1): 0-.   Abstract （215）      PDF（pc） （2408KB）（592）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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2018, 38 (1): 0-.   Abstract （259）      PDF（pc） （3926KB）（637）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Histone modification and glioma tumorigenesis FENG Hai-zhong    2018, 38 (1): 1-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.001 Abstract （919）      PDF（pc） （3942KB）（1045）       Knowledge map    Save Although epigenetic regulation of histone modification has attracted more and more attention, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. The present review introduces the role of acetylated H3 lysine 23 (H3K23ac) in glioma tumorigenesis, and demonstrates a new mechanism by which H3K23ac regulates gliomagenesis, which may provide novel approaches to glioma treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Retrospective analysis of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF gene mutations and clinicopathological features in patients with colorectal cancer    2018, 38 (1): 4-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.002 Abstract （1757）      PDF（pc） （7620KB）（1098）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To study the correlation between KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutations and the clinicopathological features in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods · The 461 paraffin-embedded CRC tissues were collected. The mutations in hotspot region of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF genes were investigated using amplification refractory mutation system. The relationship between the mutation rates of each gene and the clinicopathological characteristics in CRC patients were analyzed. The KRAS and BRAF mutation profile and the impact on promoter methylation of the downstream genes were further investigated in both CRC tissues and cell lines through literatures and the American Type Culture Collection. Results · KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutation rates in CRC tissues were 44.0%, 6.1% and 5.2%, respectively. KRAS mutations in the right colon were remarkably higher than the left colon (P=0.000). NRAS mutations were more likely to occur in male patients than female patients (P=0.002). BRAF mutation was closely correlated with age, tumor differentiation, tumor location and nerve invasion, but was exclusive of 203 KRAS mutated samples. Conclusion · KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutations were significantly correlated with the clinicopathological features of CRC, and the mutation incompatibility was observed between KRAS and BRAF genes. Related Articles | Metrics

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Flow cytometry detection of cellular redox status with genetically encoded fluorescent probe TIAN Ye, LIU Ao, DONG Rui, QI Xing, YI Jing, YANG Jie    2018, 38 (1): 10-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.003 [ Abstract （857）      PDF（pc） （10617KB）（997）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To test the application of flow cytometry technique to detect the redox status with genetically encoded fluorescent probe roGFP2, to compare it with laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM), and to demonstrate the diversity of cellular redox status in HeLa and Panc-1 cell populations. Methods · Time lapse imaging with LSCM was performed in single cell transfected with roGFP2 probe to detect the dynamic changes of 405 nm/488 nm ratio (405/488 ratio). Flowcytometry technique was also performed in HeLa cells transfected with roGFP2 probe to detect the dynamic alterations of 405/488 ratio. The global cell population was analyzed and the subpopulations of different redox status were dissected. Flowcytometry technique was further applied in Panc-1 cells with different CD24 or CD44 marker to detect the dynamic alterations of 405/488 ratio of roGFP2 and identify the different redox status. Results · Time lapse imaging with LSCM showed that 405/488 ratio of roGFP2 dramatically changed in response to H2O2 in dose and time dependent manner at a single cell level. When dozens of cells were chosen, the average ratio showed increased and dynamic trend. Compared to LSCM, flow cytometry could detect the average of 405/488 ratio of roGFP2 as well. Meanwhile, with the application of flow cytometry the cell population can be divided into three subpopulations based on 405/488 ratios, most in oxidized and medium redox status, few in reduced status. Using flow cytometry, CD24+/ CD44+ Panc-1 cells, pancreatic cancer stem cells, can be found to have overall lower 405/488 ratio and more percentage of subpopulation of reduced status under resting and stress condition. Conclusion · Flow cytometry technique can be applied to detect roGFP2 and has advantage in application to show the overall as well as diverse redox status in cell population. Flow cytometry detection of cellular redox status with genetically encoded probe can be a useful tool in tumor cell biology and developmental biology research. Related Articles | Metrics

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Function of OTUD7B in acute myeloid leukemia cells and its mechanism GONG Xiu-feng, WU Ying-li, ZHAO Qian, LEI Hu    2018, 38 (1): 18-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.004 Abstract （919）      PDF（pc） （7691KB）（856）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To investigate the biological effect and mechanism of OTUD7B in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Methods · The expression of OTUD7B in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and bone marrow mononuclear cells of AML patients were detected. The relationship between OTUD7B and survival of AML patients was confirmed by using TCGA database. Mouse model of M2 type AML was established, and the expression of OTUD7B in the bone marrow, spleen and liver of the mice was detected. OTUD7B was overexpressed in AML cell lines HL60 and kasumi1, then the cell viability and cell cycle were measured. The AKT/mTOR pathway proteins were detected after OTUD7B overexpressed and then the cell growth inhibition was detected after overexpression of AKT1. Results · The expression of OTUD7B was lower in primary leukemia cells from all types of AML patients and in the bone marrow, liver and spleen of M2 type AML mice, which was closely related to the survival time of AML patients. OTUD7B overexpression in HL60 and kasumi1 cells significantly inhibited the cell viability and decreased the percentage of S phase cells. OTUD7B significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR, and AKT1 overexpression partially reversed the inhibitory effect of OTUD7B on cell growth. Conclusion · OTUD7B expression is low in primary leukemia cells from AML patients and in bone marrow, liver and spleen of the M2 type AML mice. The survival time of patients with low OTUD7B expression is shorter. Overexpression of OTUD7B significantly inhibited the cell viability of HL60 and kasumi1 cells and the entry of cells into S phase. The inhibitory effect of OTUD7B overexpression on AML cells might be related to the inhibition of AKT / mTOR signaling pathway. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of sumoylation on the structure and activity of human thymine DNA glycosylase FU Tian-ran, ZHANG Liang    2018, 38 (1): 24-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.005 Abstract （1038）      PDF（pc） （7526KB）（943）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To study the effect of sumoylation on the structure, stability and activity of human thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG). Methods · Expression and purification systems were established for obtaining SUMO-1-TDG protein with high purity which can be used for crystal screening and activity detection. Structure of SUMO-1-TDG was solved after crystal screening, diffraction data collection and structure analysis. The change of TDG stability led by sumoylation was detected through a protein thermal shift assay. In addition, an activity assay was applied to investigate the effect of sumoylation on the activity of TDG. Results · A high-resolution structure of SUMO-1-TDG which could clearly describe the interaction between TDG and SUMO-1 was solved. The melting temperature (Tm) value of SUMO-1-TDG increased by about 16 ℃ and the catalytic activity increased by 9.70%, comparing with TDG protein. Conclusion · SUMO-1 binds to TDG to modify the intermolecular interaction of amino acids near the binding site, and further participates in the regulation of the stability and catalytic activity of TDG protein. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary screening and study of novel flavonoid monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitors MA Jia-hui, YANG Ruo-lin, SHEN Zheng-wu#, LIU Jian-hua#    2018, 38 (1): 30-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.006 Abstract （895）      PDF（pc） （5553KB）（1167）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To discover and develop novel monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) inhibitors. Methods · Computational screening, rational structure analysis and biological assessment was used. Results · A series of natural flavonoid MAGL inhibitors were identified. Compound 9 (quercetin) presented the highest activity with an IC50 value of 36 μmol/L. Conclusion · Several natural flavonoid MAGL inhibitors were identified, which are expected to bring novel hits for discovery of MAGL inhibitors. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of anti-tuberculosis effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis polyphosphate kinase 2 aptamer YANG Yang, LI Dai-rong, LI You-lun, CHEN Yu-han, WAN Qiu, LIU Jing-shu    2018, 38 (1): 36-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.007 Abstract （760）      PDF（pc） （7602KB）（697）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To investigate the bacteriostasis effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) polyphosphate kinase 2 (PPK2) aptamer on MTB in vitro. Methods · The bioinformatics method was used to analyze the homology of MTB PPK2 and common pathogens of respiratory tract, and the PPK2 phylogenetic tree was constructed. The binding affinity of the PPK2 aptamer to H37Rv, BCG, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii was analyzed by enzyme-linked oligonucleotide assay (ELONA). The PPK2 aptamer was incubated for 24 h in serum and its biological stability in serum was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the PPK2 aptamer to H37Rv was determined by micro-azure method. H37Rv was inoculated with 1 μmol/L PPK2 aptamer or random sequence on Roche culture medium for 10 d and colony growth status was observed. H37Rv was co-cultured with different concentrations of PPK2 aptamer for 10 d, absorbance at 600 nm was measured by microplate reader. The effect of PPK2 aptamer on the growth of H37Rv was observed. Results · PPK2 phylogenetic tree constructed by bioinformatics analysis showed that PPK2 protein of H37Rv was not closely related to the common pathogens of respiratory tract, and it was relatively close to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The ELONA assay results showed that the PPK2 aptamer binded selectively to H37Rv. Agarose gel electrophoresis analysis showed PPK2 aptamer in serum was at least stable for 8 h. The MIC of the PPK2 aptamer to H37Rv was 50 nmol/L. The colony growth of Roche culture showed that PPK2 aptamer had an inhibitory effect on H37Rv growth. Growth inhibition test showed that the absorbance at 600 nm of H37Rv showed a decreasing trend with the increase of PPK2 aptamer concentration, which indicated that PPK2 aptamer had an inhibitory effect on H37Rv growth. Conclusion · PPK2 aptamer has good antibacterial activity against H37Rv in vitro. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of gold nanoparticle on autophagy flux and exosome secretion of mesenchymal stem cells YAN Chun1, MA Yu-jie2, XIE Wei-yue1, YANG Qing-yuan3, SUN Feng-yong3, YANG Zhi2, XUE Song1, LIAN Feng1    2018, 38 (1): 42-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.008 Abstract （923）      PDF（pc） （6545KB）（1079）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To investigate the effect of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on exosome secretion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) via blocking autophagy flux. Methods · Rat derived MSCs were treated with AuNPs (0, 15, 30, 90, 150 μg/mL), and the cell proliferation was detected with CCK-8 assay to evaluate the cytotoxicity of AuNPs. Then, MSCs were divided into normal control group, AuNPs group (20 μg/mL AuNPs for 72 h) and positive control group (5 μmol/L chloroquine for 4 h). Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of MSCs, and exosomes were extracted by ultracentrifugation and tested with nanoparticle analyzer and scan electron microscopy. The autophagy was observed by confocal microscopy and verified by Western blotting. Results · Low concentrations of AuNPs (0 to 30 μg/mL) slightly affected the cell proliferation. MSCs of AuNPs group secreted more abundant and smaller exosomes than those of control group, and expressed significantly more LC3 and p62 (both P<0.05). Autophagosomes in AuNPs group were increased and fusion of lysosomes and autophagosomes was blocked. Conclusion · AuNPs block the autophagy flux and regulates the secretion of exosomes. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of GLP-1 analogues on kidney function and kidney ultrastructure in type 2 diabetic rats SUI Chun-hua, LU Ying-li, GUO Yu-yu    2018, 38 (1): 48-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.015 Abstract （753）      PDF（pc） （6293KB）（1130）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To study the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1（GLP-1） analogues on kidney function and kidney ultrastructure in type 2 diabetic rats. Methods · Twenty-eight SPF level male SD rats were randomly divided into control groups (normal control group and diabetic control group) and GLP-1 analogues Exenatide intervention groups（normal intervention group and diabetic intervention group). The effects of Exenatide intervention on glucose, lipid metabolism, kidney function and kidney ultrastructure were observed. Results · Fasting glucose, fasting insulin, insulin sensitivity index, insulin resistance index, lipid profile, 24-hours microalbuminuria, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen of Exenatide intervention group were much better than those of corresponding control groups. Through electron microscopy, glomerular mesangial cell in diabetic control group proliferated, basement membrane thickened, while glomerular mesangial cell in diabetic intervention group did not proliferate, basement membrane mildly thickened. Conclusion · GLP-1 analogues can improve kidney function of diabetic rats. Maybe it is connected with improving kidney ultrastructure. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of MTA2 in endometrial carcinomas and its correlation with clinicopathological features GAO Ling-tong, LIU Wei    2018, 38 (1): 52-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.009 Abstract （831）      PDF（pc） （6082KB）（1009）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To explore the expression of MTA2 in endometrial carcinomas and its correlation with clinicopathological features. Methods · The GCBI database was used to analyse the MTA2 expression in most cancers. Immunohistochemical staining of MTA2, p53, ER, PR and Ki- 67 was performed in 119 endometrial carcinomas tissues and 21 corresponding adjacent non-neoplastic endometria. And the correlation between MTA2 expression and clinicopathological characteristics was evaluated as well as the correlation between MTA2 expression and the expression of ER, PR, p53 or Ki-67. Results · The expression of MTA2 was up-regulated in most of the tumors including endometrial carcinomas in GCBI database. MTA2 was overexpressed in endometrial carcinoma compared with the adjacent normal tissues (P=0.000)，and the expression level was related to tumor grade （χ2=8.072, P=0.018） and Ki-67 expression (r=0.227, P=0.013). Conclusion · MTA2 may act as an oncogene in endometrial carcinomas, and it is a promising target for diagnosis and treatment of endometrial carcinomas. Related Articles | Metrics

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Psychotherapy relationship in group mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder LU Lu, ZHANG Tian-ran, FAN Qing#, ZHANG Hai-yin#    2018, 38 (1): 57-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.010 Abstract （1098）      PDF（pc） （10133KB）（731）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To explore the performance characteristics of the psychotherapy relationship in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy between the psychotherapists and patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and the strategies to promote the curative effect in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. Methods · Three psychotherapists in Shanghai Mental Health Center and two groups of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for OCD groups (a total of 11 people who completed treatment and 2 people dropped off) were selected. All the patients had mild to moderate OCD. The transcripts were transcribed into verbatim and coded using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results · The psychotherapy relationship in subjective experience of patients with OCD showed warm emotional support, professional authority and individual requirements. The psychotherapy relationship in subjective experience of the therapist was manifested as equal companion, relatively mild and fuzzy distance. Strategies to promote efficacy from a therapeutic relationship perspective was profession to trust (especially for example), to promote emotional experience and to accept disappointment and negative emotions. Conclusion · Increasing the use of effective strategies can promote the establishment and positive development of therapeutic relationship in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for OCD and promote the effectiveness of treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Seasonality of post-traumatic wound and surgery site infection: a retrospective study of orthopedic infections HU Qing-xiang1*, QI Wen-xiao1*, TANG Jin2#, HE Yao-hua1#    2018, 38 (1): 63-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.011 Abstract （903）      PDF（pc） （5911KB）（895）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To examine the seasonality of post-traumatic wound infection (PWI) and surgery site infection (SSI) from the perspectives of occurrence and microbiological distribution. Methods · The cumulative incidences of PWI and SSI in different seasons were respectively calculated and compared in a cohort of 2 177 patients who sustained open-wounded injuries in the upper or lower extremity and a cohort of 11 809 patients receiving selective orthopedic operation from 2013 to 2015 in Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital. Multifactorial linear regression was used to measure the influence of meteorological parameters on PWI incidence. Moreover, the microbiological distribution of PWI and SSI was analyzed on a seasonal basis. Results · The incidence of PWI in the patients was 2.20% from 2013 to 2015, and there were significant seasonal patterns (1.04% in spring, 3.52% in summer, 3.10% in autumn, 0.71% in winter, P=0.004). The incidence of SSI was 0.21%, and there was no seasonal difference (P=0.809). Only average temperature (P=0.002, β=0.016) was correlated with the occurrence of PWI in multifactorial linear regression analysis. Microbiological analysis revealed the dominance of Gram-negative bacteria in SSI cases during the summer and autumn (P=0.021). However, this trend was not observed in PWI cases (P=0.694). Conclusion · There is a seasonal pattern in PWI occurrence with peaks in summer and autumn, which is correlated with temperature. There is no seasonal difference in SSI incidence, but SSI cases were dominantly infected by Gram-negative bacteria in summer and autumn. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical observation on perfusion index for detection of noxious stimuli in pediatric patients under#br# general anesthesia LIU Pei-pei, ZHENG Ji-jian, BAI Jie, ZHANG Ma-zhong, SUN Ying    2018, 38 (1): 67-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.012 Abstract （768）      PDF（pc） （5692KB）（853）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To observe the changes of perfusion index (PI), bispectral index (BIS), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and respiratory rate (RR) under pulling stimuli in children undergoing open inguinal hernia repairs with spontaneous ventilation, so as to evaluate the clinical value of PI in monitoring the stress response. Methods · Thirty children undergoing selective open inguinal hernia repairs with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II were recruited. Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl and propofol, and was maintained with sevoflurane after the insertion of laryngeal mask. The PI, BIS, HR, SBP and RR were observed at the following time points: before induction of anesthesia (T0), before pulling hernia sac (T1), at the time point of pulling hernia sac (T2), 1 min after pulling hernia sac (T3) and 5 min after pulling hernia sac (T4). Results · Compared with the baseline level at T0, the PI value at T1, T3 and T4 increased significantly (P=0.000, P=0.033 and P=0.000, respectively). The BIS, HR and SBP values at T1-T4 were significantly lower than baseline levels at T0 (all P=0.000). The PI values at T2 and T3 reduced significantly compared with T1. The HR value at T2 was significantly higher than that of T1 (P=0.033). Compared with the SBP values at T1, the SBP values at T3 and T4 were significantly higher (P=0.000 and P=0.011, respectively). And the RR values at T2 and T3 were higher than that at T1 (both P=0.000). The proportion of children with positive stress response based on PI was significantly higher than that based on other variables (all P=0.000). Conclusion · Perfusion index can reflect the noxious stimuli of the pulling hernia sac effectively and immediately. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of real-time quantitative PCR and 16S rDNA sequencing for detection of female vaginal microbiome ZHANG Ning1, 2, HAN Yang1, 2, LUO Fei3, ZHU Li-hong4, QIN Jin-hong2, JIANG Yan1    2018, 38 (1): 71-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.013 Abstract （1026）      PDF（pc） （6086KB）（1139）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To compare the differences in the composition of female vaginal flora by real-time quantitative PCR and 16S rDNA sequencing. Methods · Forty-nine healthy reproductive women less than 45 years old were selected. Specimens were collected from posterior fornix. DNA were extracted and the microbiome were ananlyzed by both 16S rDNA V1V2 region sequencing and qPCR of 22 selected genes. The results detected by two methods were compared. Results · According to the classification standard of vaginal community state type (CSTs), qPCR analysis showed that 35 out of 49 samples were dominated by Lactobacillus species, among them, type Ⅰ (Lactobacillus crispatus, 9 ), type Ⅲ (Lactobacillus iners, 24), type Ⅳ (no Lactobacillus as the dominant bacteria, 12), type Ⅴ (Lactobacillus jensenii, 2). 16S rDNA V1V2 region sequence analysis showed that of the 49 samples, 13 belonged to type Ⅰ , type Ⅱ (1), type Ⅲ (23), type Ⅳ (8), type Ⅴ (2). Two methods of vaginal flora classification were consistent for 38 cases, consistent rate was 77.6%. Conclusion · Two methods analysis of vaginal flora showed the different results. If qPCR was used to classify the vaginal microbiome, it was necessary to consider the influence of relevant technical factors on the results. Related Articles | Metrics

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Electroconvulsive treatment for geriatric depression: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials SU Liang1, 2, SHI Shen-xun1, 2, LU Zheng1, 3, JIA Yu-ping1, LIANG Shi-qiao1, XU Yi-feng1    2018, 38 (1): 76-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.014 Abstract （843）      PDF（pc） （6547KB）（835）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To explore the clinical effectiveness and safety of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in elderly patients with depression. Methods · Searches were made in PubMed, EMBase, Web of Knowledge, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBMDisc databases and etc. CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) statement were used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. RevMan and STATA were used to do meta analysis.Results · Ten studies were included in this systematic review. The studies which used Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD, n=5) and MontgomeryÅsberg depression rating scale (MADRS, n=3) to access depressed symptom were analyzed. Sample size was 306 and 290 before and after treatment, respectively. The depressive symptoms were significantly improved after ECT treatment estimated by either HAMD (Z=6.39, SMD=3.64, P=0.000) or MADRS (Z=15.47, SMD=2.12, P=0.000). There was no difference of Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) scores before and after the treatment (Z=1.47, P=0.140). The incidence of adverse events of headache, confusion, drowsiness, nausea and vomiting was more than 5%. Conclusion · Depressed symptoms are significantly improved in geriatric depression after ECT. The overall cognitive impairment is not obvious, but headache and disturbance of consciousness are common. Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficiency and safety of milk feeding rescue for failed chloral hydrate sedation in infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease#br# LI Bo, DAN Ying-zhi, ZHANG Kan, JIN Li-hong, CHEN Yi-qi    2018, 38 (1): 81-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.016 Abstract （804）      PDF（pc） （5944KB）（907）       Knowledge map    Save  Objective · To evaluate the efficiency and safety of milk feeding to rescue failed chloral hydrate sedation in infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease who underwent transthoracic echocardiography.  Methods · Clinical data of the infants with known cyanotic congenital heart disease were retrospectively analyzed, who were not adequately sedated after initial dose of chloral hydrate in 2015 in Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. Vital signs and oxygen saturations were recorded every 5 minutes, and adverse events were noted. For rescue, efficiency and safety of milk feeding were compared with phenobarbital intramuscular injection. Results · A total of 129 infants were enrolled in this study. Fifty-two infants were rescued by intramuscular phenobarbital and the other 77 ones were rescued by milk feeding. The proportion of infants successfully rescued by milk feeding was 55.8%, which was higher than that of intramuscular phenobarbital (30.8%, P=0.005). There was no statistical difference in incidence of adverse events between the two groups (P=0.565).  Conclusion · Milk feeding is an effective and safe choice for rescue sedation for infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease undergoing transthoracic echocardiography. Related Articles | Metrics

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Occipitocervical fusion and fixation in malformation of craniocervical junction surgery#br# GAO Wei-zhen, CUI Hua, JIA Feng, WANG Yong, BAO Ying-hui, ZHANG Xiao-hua, QIAN Lie, YIN Yu-hua    2018, 38 (1): 85-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.017 Abstract （836）      PDF（pc） （5670KB）（1011）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To study the application of occipitocervical fusion and fixation in malformation of craniocervical junction surgery. Methods · Thirty-six consecutive patients with craniocervical junction malformation were decompressed under evoked-potential monitoring. Sixteen patients were treated with posterior occipitocervical fusion and fixation using Vertex screw-hook system, and 11 using Vertex screw-rod system, other patients using Mountaineer OCT spinal system. All patients were followed up for 2 to 12 years (mean 7 years). The recovery rate was analysed based on the scoring system of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA). Results · All the patients were followed up. A stable bony fusion according to radiological criteria was achieved in all cases. There was no implant broken and dislocation. The improvement rate according to JOA scoring system were evaluated. Twenty-four cases (66.7%) got cured; 4 cases (11.1%) had remarkable effects; 8 cases (22.2%) were effective; none was ineffective. Conclusion · Occipitocervical stabilizations hope to be restored through occipitocervical fusion and fixation. Good results can be obtained in most patients with complete radiological data, proper surgery indication, suitable surgical modality and internal fixation materials. Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact factors of glycemic control in patients with short-term history type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pujiang community in Shanghai#br# LI Zhi-yong1, LIU Yu2, HUANG Wei1, LING Xiao-yuan1, MA Jing3    2018, 38 (1): 89-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.018 Abstract （847）      PDF（pc） （7348KB）（728）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To access glycemic control status and investigate its impact factors of patients with short-term history of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pujiang Town, Minhang District, Shanghai. Methods · The clinical information was collected by a standard questionnaire in 1 994 type 2 diabetic mellitus patients from the community. FPG, HbA1c, and PPG after meal of 100 g steamed bread made of standard flour were measured. 429 patients with 5-years duration of diabetes were qualified in the final analysis. Ideal blood glucose control was FPG<7.0 mmol/L, PPG<10.0 mmol/L and HbA1c<7.0%. Results · The proportion of patients with ideal blood glucose, FPG, PPG, and HbA1c control were 7.9%, 32.6%, 12.6% and 38.2%, respectively. Patients with middle school- and high school-education were at lower risks for poor glycemic control (age- and sex- adjusted OR=0.60，95% CI 0.37-0.96).  Duration of diabetes, insulin resistance and blood pressure were negatively associated with glycemic control (age- and sex- adjusted, OR=1.95，95% CI 1.30-2.91；OR=2.52，95% CI 1.57-4.03；OR=1.94，95% CI 1.22-3.09, respectively).  Conclusion · Patients in Pujiang community had substantially poor glycemic control. Less-educated diabetic patients should be emphasized on the importance of postprandial glycemic control. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on recent sedentary behaviors and influencing factors among children and adolescents in Chongqing area RAN Min, WANG Hong, PENG Lin-li, HE Fang, YANG Jing-wei    2018, 38 (1): 95-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.019 Abstract （889）      PDF（pc） （7715KB）（795）       Knowledge map    Save  Objective · To describe the current status and explore the associated factors of sedentary behaviors among children and adolescents residing in Chongqing area.  Methods · By random stratified and cluster sampling, a total of 9 596 students aged from 6 to 18 years old in Chongqing urban districts together with their parents were enrolled through a questionnaire. Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to compare the difference among groups, and the binary Logistic regression model was used to explore the factors that influenced the prevalence of average time of homework>2 h/d  and screen time>2 h/d. Results · The average time of sedentary behaviors in school days was 2.82 h/d, and the rate of sedentary behaviors>2 h/d was 74.1%. The rate of boys (75.3%) was significantly higher than that of girls (72.7%) (χ2=8.333, P=0.000). Logistic regression analysis showed that junior and senior students were the common risk factors for both homework and screen time>2 h/d; on the contrary, extracurricular sports never being occupied could be the common protective factors. In addition, being girls (OR=1.187, 95% CI 1.048-1.299) and parents’ sedentary time>2 h/d (OR=1.529, 95% CI 1.303-1.794) could be the risk factors for homework time>2 h/d. Non-only child (OR=1.194, 95% CI 1.066-1.320), no family rules on screen time (OR=1.193, 95% CI 1.062-1.388), and having a TV set at home (OR=1.330, 95% CI 1.147-1.472) could be the risk factors for screen time>2 h/d.  Conclusion · The status quo of sedentary behaviors among students in Chongqing area is not quite well. School’s policy on extracurricular sports and home screen environment may be the mainly modifiable influencing factors. Related Articles | Metrics

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Principle and applications of fluorescent probes for intracellular redox detection#br# LIU Ao, QI Xing, ZHANG Ying-chao, XU Tian-xue, YI Jing, YANG Jie    2018, 38 (1): 101-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.020 Abstract （1685）      PDF（pc） （11257KB）（1558）       Knowledge map    Save Redox state indicated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) level is a cellular physiological feature. Redox status is exactly controlled by conserved system. Its alterations consequently modulate various biological activities and play important roles in cells and organism under physiological and pathological conditions. Hence detection of redox state is deemed as an important technique both in basic and clinical researches. The present article reviews the principle and current applications of fluorescent probes or sensors for redox detection. With comparison of properties of various probes, especially genetic coding fluorescence probes, much understanding will be gained. And the review helps us to understand how to apply the redox probes on the biological and clinical researches and eventually look forward to new applications in the cell and whole animal level. Related Articles | Metrics

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Vaccine strategies in prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis#br# XUE Yu-chen, YOU Sha-sha, CAO Hui-min, HE Bin    2018, 38 (1): 108-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.021 Abstract （1115）      PDF（pc） （6834KB）（1122）       Knowledge map    Save Atherosclerosis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease of the arterial wall, with both the innate and adaptive immune systems responding to many endogenous and exogenous antigens. Both proatherogenic as well as atheroprotective roles have been identified for the immune system in atherosclerosis. Hence, it is conceivable that an immuno-modulatory strategy via active immunization against many of these antigens could potentially alter the natural history of atherosclerosis. Cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) plays an important role in lipid metabolism, suggesting it might prevent atherosclerosis. This review discusses the recent advances of vaccine targeting the development of atherosclerosis, mainly about the CETP targeting vaccines. Related Articles | Metrics

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Role of B lymphocytes in pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder#br# HAN Lu1, LI Mei2, ZHU De-sheng1, LI Ze-zhi1, LIU Ming-yuan2, GUAN Yang-tai1    2018, 38 (1): 112-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.023 Abstract （1119）      PDF（pc） （7646KB）（670）       Knowledge map    Save The neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a spectrum of central nervous system autoimmune diseases caused by humoralmediated immunity. NMOSD is characterized by specific expression of aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) antibody and involvement of optic nerve and spinal cord. However, the expression level of AQP-4 antibody is not directly proportional to disease activity and recurrence rate, suggesting that multiple mechanisms have been involved in mediating the process of disease. Many evidences of clinical and basic experiments indicated that B lymphocytes play an important role in the pathogenesis of NMOSD. This paper mainly summarized the role of B lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of NMOSD, including aspects of antigen presentation, humoral immunity, regulatory B cell effect and B cell immune tolerance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Temozolomideresistanceinhighgradegliomas#br# WEI Xiang-yu, XIE Chao-ran, YOU Chao-guo, CHEN Zheng, ZHENG Xue-sheng    2018, 38 (1): 117-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.01.022 Abstract （751）      PDF（pc） （11844KB）（720）       Knowledge map    Save High grade gliomas are always the research focus in the field of neurosurgery due to their poor prognosis despite the current standard therapeutic regimen of surgical resection followed by radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Alkylating agent temozolomide has been established as the standard chemotherapy while its resistance inevitable during treatment. This phenomenon seriously influences the prognosis of patients suffering from high grade gliomas. This review aims to elucidate temozolomide chemoresistance mechanisms through three chapters including O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation, mismatch repair mutation and epigenetic regulation consisting of p21, chromatin and histone, Y-box binding protein-1 and microRNAs. Related Articles | Metrics

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2018, 38 (10): 2-.   Abstract （593）      PDF（pc） （19576KB）（660）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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2018, 38 (10): 3-.   Abstract （348）      PDF（pc） （2408KB）（502）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Structure optimum and biological activity studies of APC/Asef peptide inhibitors QIAN Jin-xing, ZHANG Jian    2018, 38 (10): 1139-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.10.001 Abstract （1037）      PDF（pc） （8083KB）（603）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To design and synthesize APC/Asef peptide inhibitors, and investigate the relationship between the structures and affinity of peptides. Methods · Based on crystal structure of the APC-MAI-150 complex, on the one hand, 3-phenylpropane, Glu-Glu (GG) and β-Ala-Ala (β-AA) were used to replace carbobenzoxy (CBZ) at the N terminal of MAI-150 to bind -NH2; on the other hand, -CN, -NO2, -NH2, and -F were replaced the parahydroxyl on the sixth tyrosine (Tyr) side chain benzene at the N terminal of MAI-150. And seven peptides were synthesized. Fluorescence polarization was applied to test peptide affinity, and molecular design laboratory-3 (MDL-3), MDL-4 and MDL-5 were docked into APC protein based on the results of activity. The structure-activity relationship of the three peptides was studiedcombining the binding patterns of computer docked peptide and APC protein. Results · Among the seven peptides, the N terminal 3-phenylpropane linked -NH2 of peptide MDL-5 had the highest affinity, which IC50 was 2.35 μmol/L. Compared with MDL-5, the affinity of MDL-6 and MDL-7 were significantly reduced. The para-hydroxyl on the sixth Tyr side chain benzene at the N terminal replaced with -NH2 (MDL-3) and -F (MDL-4), which the affinity were higher than -CN (MDL-1) and -NO2 (MDL-2). However, the affinity of newly synthesized peptides was lower than MAI-150. Conclusion · Transforming peptide N terminal linked -NH2 and the para-hydroxyl group on the sixth Tyr side chain benzene doesnt help to improve the affinity of peptides. Related Articles | Metrics

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Metabolomics study of the effect of arsenic trioxide on hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 HUANG Jin-guo1*, ZHANG Hai-nan1*, CHEN Zi-qing1*, YANG Li-na2, GUO Shu-juan1, TAO Sheng-ce1    2018, 38 (10): 1145-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.10.002 Abstract （671）      PDF（pc） （6885KB）（552）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To reveal the mechanism of the effect of arsenic trioxide (ATO) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells through metabolomics study. Methods · HCC cell line HepG2 was treated with ATO for 12 h, 24 h and 36 h respectively. The global metabolite profiles were monitoredmetabolomics analysis using GC/MS and LC/MS/MS. Results · A total of 307 certified metabolites were detected. Bioinformatics analysis showed that glycosylation and one-carbon metabolism were the main cellular functions that have been affected. Other affected cellular functions/pathways included mitochondrial function fatty acid β-oxidation, TCA cycle, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and glutathione metabolism. Conclusion · ATO treatment affects the main metabolomic pathway of HepG2, and inhibits cell growth and migration, then exacerbates oxidative stress to induce cancer cell apoptosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of 3-methyladenine on autophagy, migration and invasion in epithelial ovarian cancer cells under hypoxia TANG Zhong-yuan1, 2, ZHANG Ning2, 3, DI Wen2, 3, LI Wei-ping2, 3    2018, 38 (10): 1152-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.10.003 Abstract （681）      PDF（pc） （5439KB）（584）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To investigate the effect of 3-methyladenine (3-MA) on autophagy, migration and invasion of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells under hypoxia. Methods · Different concentrations of 3-MA were used to treat EOC cells in hypoxic environment. The of autophagy-associated protein LC3 was detectedWestern blotting. The autophagosome formation was observedtransmission electron microscopy. The proliferation, adhesion, migration and invasion of EOC cells were determinedthiazole blue colorimetry, adhesion test, Transwell migration test and Matrigel invasion test, respectively. Results · 3-MA was able to inhibit the increase of LC3-Ⅱ and autophagosome formation inducedhypoxia. In hypoxic environment, the survival rate of EOC cells was significantly decreased5.00 mmol/L 3-MA for 24 h (P0.000). The adhesion ability of EOC cells was significantly decreased2.50 mmol/L 3-MA for 6 h (P0.007). 1.25 mmol/L and 2.50 mmol/L 3-MA could inhibit the migration and invasion of EOC cells in hypoxic environment (P<0.01). Conclusion · 3-MA can inhibit the autophagy, migration and invasion of EOC cells in hypoxic environment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Resistant dextrin improves insulin resistance in db/db miceenhancing insulin signaling pathway HU Fan, NIU Yi-xin, TU Xiao-fang, SU Qing, ZHANG Hong-mei    2018, 38 (10): 1157-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.10.004 Abstract （959）      PDF（pc） （7302KB）（573）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To investigate the effect of resistant dextrin on insulin resistance in db/db mice and preliminarily explore potential molecular mechanisms. Methods · Ten 8-week-old db/db mice were randomly assigned into two groups, i.e., control group and resistant dextrin group, which were administered with distilled water and resistant dextringavage for 9 weeks, respectively. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and body weight were measured every week. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were performed separately at the 8th and 9th week. Fasting serum insulin (FINS) was measured, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index was calculated, and triacylglycerol (TAG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-Ch), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-Ch) were detected after the mice were sacrificed. The relative of Ir, Irs-1, Pi3k, Akt, and Glut-2 in insulin signaling pathways in the liver was determinedreal-time quantitative PCR. The of IRS-1, p-AKT, GLUT-2 in the liver were determinedWestern blotting. Results · After 9 weeks of treatment with resistant dextrin, the body weight of the resistant dextrin group decreased, but the difference was not statistically significant (P0.384); FINS decreased, and HOMA-IR index significantly decreased (P0.032); insulin resistance was significantly improved (all P<0.05); the blood biochemical parameters, including TAG, TC, LDL-Ch, and HDL-Ch were lower, but only LDL-Ch was statistically different (P0.034); the of Ir, Irs-1, Akt, and Glut-2 mRNA in the liver significantly increased (all P<0.05); the of IRS-1 and GLUT-2 proteins also significantly increased (P0.026, P0.039). Conclusion · Resistant dextrin may improve insulin resistance in db/db miceenhancing insulin signaling pathway. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of resveratrol on proliferation of CT26 colonic cancer cells HUANG Shi-qi, YANG Meng, TONG Ling, LU Hong-li, HUANG Xu, XU Wen-xie    2018, 38 (10): 1162-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.10.005 Abstract （796）      PDF（pc） （6694KB）（744）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To investigate the effect of resveratrol (RSV) on proliferation of mocolonic cancer cells CT26 and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods · CT26 cells were incubated with 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 μmol/L RSV respectively for 24 h. The effect of RSV on cell proliferation was tested with CCK8 kits. The effect of RSV on cell apoptosis was detectedliving cell dye Hoechst 33342. The plasma protein and nucleoprotein of the cells were extracted separatelyusing the nuclear protein and cell plasma protein extraction kits. And the s of apoptosis related proteins (Bax and Bcl-2), PTEN, NF-κB and Akt were detectedWestern blotting. Results · RSV inhibited the proliferation of CT26 cells. The inhibitory effect was dose-dependent. Treatment with RSV promoted the apoptosis of CT26 cells. The of NF-κB protein in the cell nucleus was down-regulated compared to the control cells, and the of NF-κB in the cytoplasm was up-regulated in the CT26 cells after 24 h incubation with RSV. In the CT26 cells after 24 h incubation of RSV, the s of Bax and PTEN were up-regulated, the of Bcl-2 was down-regulated, and the phosphorylation of Akt protein was down-regulated. Conclusion · RSV can inhibit the proliferation of colon cancer cells in mice, which may be associated with Bax, Bcl-2, NF-κB, p-Akt and PTEN. Related Articles | Metrics

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Intradermal administration of formalin to the cheek induces itch as well as pain behaviors in rats QIAN Jia-hong, GAO Po, RONG Wei-fang    2018, 38 (10): 1167-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.10.006 Abstract （655）      PDF（pc） （7214KB）（476）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · Formalin is a classic and most widely used algogenic substance, but its itchy effect is not clear. The present study aims to explore the hypothesis that formalin may induce itch as well as pain. Methods · Flinching, as well as licking and forelimb wiping of the site of injection were counted as pain responses, whereas biting and hind paw scratching of the cheek were counted as itchy responses. To discriminate formalin-induced sensations in rats, the irritant (saline as control) was injected, and then pain and itchy responses were recorded. Results · Intraplantar injection of formalin elicited biphasic behavior responses characterized as flinching, as well as biting or licking of the hind paw without significant gender differences. Following intradermal administration of formalin to the cheek, rats exhibited episodic forelimb wiping of the cheek, representative of pain. No gender difference was noticed for this type of behavior. In addition, episodes of hind paw scratches of the cheek, representative of pruritoceptive responses, also occurred. Interestingly, hind paw scratches appeared to be more pronounced in male than in female rats. Conclusion · Intradermal administration of formalin elicits pruritoceptive as well as nociceptive responses in rats. Related Articles | Metrics

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Screening of putative transcriptional regulators in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LIU Shu-ting, YAO Yu-feng, NI Jin-jing    2018, 38 (10): 1174-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.10.007 Abstract （807）      PDF（pc） （8307KB）（499）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To uncover new transcriptional regulatorsscreening putative transcriptional regulators in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) through genome informatics and molecular biology analyses. Methods · S. Typhimurium genome informatics was analyzed and 30 putative transcriptional regulators were screened out. All candidate genes were deletedλ-Red system. The log-phase acid tolerance response (ATR) ability was compared between knock-out (KO) strains and wild type (WT) strain. Cell model was used to detect the invasion ability and intracellular ability of KO strains that showed differences in acid stress compared to WT strain. The transcription level of phoP was detectedrealtime-PCR in the mutants involved in both ATR and cell infection. Results · All 30 deletion mutants were successfully constructed. ΔSTM14_0739, ΔSTM14_2717 and ΔSTM14_1646 showed increased log-phase ATR ability, while ATR abilities of ΔSTM14_4338, ΔSTM14_1965 and ΔSTM14_1878 decreased, compared with WT. ΔSTM14_0739 and ΔSTM14_2717 mutants showed weaker invasion ability in HeLa cells than WT, and ΔSTM14_1878 and ΔSTM14_2717 mutants showed stronger replication ability in RAW264.7 cells than WT. Realtime-PCR suggested STM14_2717 deletion had no effect on phoP transcription. Conclusion · This work discovers unknown transcriptional regulators, and provides clues for future research in S. Typhimurium pathogenesis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Down-regulation of aurora kinase A activity inhibits pro-angiogenesis, migration and invasion of Hep2 cells ZHANG Yu-han, CHEN Xue-hua, ZHANG Hao    2018, 38 (10): 1181-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.10.008 Abstract （753）      PDF（pc） （6294KB）（732）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To investigate the effect of aurora kinase A (AURKA) activity on pro-angiogenesis, migration and invasion of Hep2 cells. Methods · Down-regulation of AURKA phospholation in Hep2 cells with 100 nmol/L VX680. Western blotting was used to detect the of p-AURKA, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and its receptor VEGFR2 in blank control Hep2 cells and Hep2 cells treated with VX680 for 24 h and 48 h. Angiogenesis experiment was applied to observe the effect of Hep2 cells treated with VX680 on angiogenesis. CCK8 cell proliferation assay, Transwell migration and invasion experiment were used to observe the ability of cell proliferation, migration and invasion of Hep2 cells. Results · Compared with control cells, the of p-AURKA in Hep2 cells treated with VX680 for 48 h was decreased (P0.000). After down-regulation of p-AURKA, the s of VEGFA and VEGFR2 were decreased (P0.000). Meanwhile, angiogenesis was inhibited (P0.000), and migration and invasion of Hep2 cells were reduced (P0.000). Conclusion · AURKA regulates pro-angiogenesis, migration and invasion of Hep2 cells, which is a new strategy for the treatment of laryngeal cancertargeting AURKA. Related Articles | Metrics

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A long-term follow-up study after the open-label proof-of-concept trial of metformin in systemic lupus erythematosus LIU Zhe1, WANG Hai-ting1, WANG Hui-jing1, TENG Xiang-yu2, YE Shuang1    2018, 38 (10): 1186-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.10.009 Abstract （1054）      PDF（pc） （7117KB）（478）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a long-term adding metformin to a basic treatment strategy in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and analyze whether the beneficial effects of metformin add-on treatment during the open-label proof-of-concept trial persisted during a posttrial follow-up (the metabolic memory effect), as there is a paucity of systematically collected data concerning long-term metformin in SLE. Methods ·Subjects who had participated in the open-label proof-of-concept trial and gave informed consent to this study were enrolled, and the disease flares and long-term adverse effects between metformin group and control group were compared. In addition, whether the benefit regarding decreased disease flare persisted after metformin withdrawal during the post-trial follow-up was investigated. Results · Twenty-nine subjects in the former metformin add-on strategy group and 28 subjects in the former control group were enrolled. No adverse reactions of metformin occurred during the study. The risk of disease flare in the control group was higher than that in the continuous metformin group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P0.326). After metformin withdrawal, the risk of disease flare in the metformin group gradually increased to the control group (P0.998). There was no significant difference between the two continuous metformin groups whose metformin using duration are 2.56 years and 5.00 years respectively (P0.802). Conclusion · A long-term metformin add-on treatment is security, and can keep SLE patients in a lower risk of disease flare. The metabolic regulation of metformin in SLE immune disorder may present a time-dependent metabolic memory effect. Related Articles | Metrics

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Case analysis based on 2017 version of Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis XU Yang1, 2, LIU Kai-xiong1, 2, QU Jie-ming1, 2    2018, 38 (10): 1191-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.10.010 Abstract （1043）      PDF（pc） （8158KB）（536）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To analyze the cases of ABPA based on 2017 version of Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) (Expert Consensus in short) developedAsthma Group of Chinese Medical Association Respiratory Diseases Society. Methods · According to the Expert Consensus, the clinical data of 12 patients with ABPA admitted to Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine January 2013 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Results · Among the 12 patients with ABPA, 6 were males and 6 were females. The clinical manifestations were cough, having phlegm, short of breath, etc. The total immunoglobulin E (tIgE) in sera of 10 cases increased, and the peripheral blood eosinophils of 9 cases increased. Seven cases underwent the skin test, 3 of whom were positive in aspergillus. Serum aspergillus-specific IgE (sIgE) of all the 5 cases tested was elevated. The most patients showed bronchiectasis in chest CT, and some also with mucus plug. Fifty percent of the cases fully met the diagnostic criteria of Expert Consensus. All the patients were treated with corticosteroid, and 9 of them were also treated with antifungal drugs. Conclusion · The clinical manifestations of ABPA are atypical. For the patients with lung diseases such as asthma and bronchiectasis, serum tIgE, aspergillus sIgE and eosinophil levels need to be monitored. Aspergillus skin test and imaging examination are helpful to the diagnosis of ABPA. The main treatment is the combination of corticosteroid and antifungal drugs. Related Articles | Metrics

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Early effects of umbilical cord milking on hemoglobin, bilirubin and cardiac function in premature infants ZHANG Li1, 2, HUANG Qi-wei1, GONG Xiao-hui1, LI Pin1    2018, 38 (10): 1197-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.10.011 Abstract （649）      PDF（pc） （6875KB）（477）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To investigate the impact of umbilical cord milking on hemoglobin, bilirubin and cardiac function in premature newborns, and the significance of prevention of anemia. Methods · A randomized controlled trial was performed in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Shanghai Jiading July to November 2017 on neonates born<37 weeks. Preterm newborns were randomly assigned to umbilical cord compression group (experiment group, n41) and control group (cord clamping within 15 s without compression, n37). Clinical measures of the outcomes were measuredtranscutaneous oxygen saturation (TcSO2), hemoglobin at different periods, left heart function within 72 h, cranial ultrasound, transcutaneous bilirubin, the total time of phototherapy. Results · Hemoglobin values were significantly higher in the experiment group than those in the control group in vein at the first time (P0.008). Hemoglobin values were significantly higher in the experiment group than those in the control group 3-5 d, 8-11 d, and 14-18 d after birth (P<0.05). Four months after birth, hemoglobin in the experiment group was higher than that in the control group, but there was no significant difference (P0.075). There was no significant difference in the total time of phototherapy between the two groups (P0.849). There were no significant differences between the two groups on left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular short axis shortening score 72 h after birth (P>0.05). Conclusion · Umbilical cord milking can increase the hemoglobin level to premature infants and reduce the incidence of anemia at discharge, and it does not increase the risk of cardiac insufficiency and hyperbilirubinemia. This practice has been shown to be simple and safe. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on level of serum lipid metabolism related hormones in patients of obstructive sleep apnoea hypoxia syndrome combine with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease YING Chen1, LIU Cai-hong2, HU Jia-an2, JIANG Shi-hu3, XU Zhi-hong2, SUN Jing2    2018, 38 (10): 1203-.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.10.012 Abstract （662）      PDF（pc） （7024KB）（520）       Knowledge map    Save Objective · To assess the level of serum lipid metabolism related hormones in the patients of obstructive sleep apnoea hypoxia syndrome (OSAHS) combine with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and explore the potential role in the pathogenesis. Methods · Patients that main complaint for snoring were selected. According to polysomnography and NAFLD screening, the patients were divided as follows: OSAHS+NAFLD group, OSAHS group, NAFLD group, and control group, and the levels of serum lipid metabolism related hormones were measured. The patients with OSAHS were divided into three groups, i.e., mild, moderate and severe groups according to the degree of apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and minimal oxyhemoglobin saturation (MinSaO2) respectively. The statistical analysis about the morbidity of NAFLD in the patients with different OSAHS severity were analyzed. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the independent predictors of NAFLD. Results · Significant differences were found in AHI, MinSaO2, the duration of hemoglobin desaturation (TSaO2<90%), body mass index, adiponectin, leptin, high sensitive C reactive protein and lipopolysaccharide (P<0.05 for all) among the groups of OSAHS, NAFLD and OSAHS+NAFLD. The morbidity of NAFLD exited statistical difference in the patients with different OSAHS severity (17.0%, 51.6% and 97.2%, P0.006), and the same trend was seen in the patients with different MinSaO2 severity (18.2%, 57.1% and 91.9%, P0.011). Multiple regression analysis showed that body mass index, AHI and adiponectin were independent predictors of the morbidity of NAFLD (P0.006，P0.020 and P0.008). Conclusion · The morbidity of NAFLD increases with the worsening of OSAHS. There is positive correlation between the severity and the level of serum adiponectin and leptin in the patients with OSAHS and NAFLD. Related Articles | Metrics

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