Table of Content

28 October 2013, Volume 33 Issue 10 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Editorial
Original article (Basic research)
Original article (Clinical research)
Original article (Preventive medicine)
Original article (Public health administration)
Review
Brief original article
Technique and method
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Editorial

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Research progress of genes in lung cancer target therapy and clinical molecular pathological detection ZHANG Jie 2013, 33 (10):  1315.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.001 Abstract ( 1156 )   PDF (643KB) ( 1879 )   Considerable progress has been made in lung cancer therapy targeted on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) infusion. The mechanism of genes in lung cancer target therapy, such as EGFR, K-RAS, BRAF, C-MET, EML4-ALK, ROS1 and their relationship with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) and ALK gene infusion inhibitor are introduced. Meanwhile, important requirements in gene detection are elaborated, including the requirements for specimens, choice of methods and quality control in gene detection of lung cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Original article (Basic research)

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Genetic information of mycobacteriophages DNAⅢ and its anti-tuberculosis potential GAN Yi-ling, LIU Ping, WU Ting-ting, et al 2013, 33 (10):  1323.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.002 Abstract ( 916 )   PDF (522KB) ( 1274 )   Objective To understand the genetic information of mycobacteriophage DNAⅢ, and explore its anti-tuberculosis potential. Methods Mycobacteriophage DNAⅢ DNA was isolated and purified using lambda DNA extraction protocol. The shotgun sequences were assembled with Phred and PhraD and edited with Consed, then gaps were filled by sequencing PCR fragments. The general characteristics of genome were analysed using EditSeq software of DNAStar software package. The genome was scanned for open reading frames using Glimmer 3.0.  The genetic information of mycobacteriophage DNAⅢ genome was further explored by colinearity analysis and phylogenetic tree construction. The ability of DNAⅢ to lyse M.tuberculosis was investigated in vitro, and the effects of temperature, alcohol, pH values on DNAⅢ survival was determined. Results The genome of DNAⅢ possessed 39 520 bp in size, and was linear double-stranded DNA, with G+C content of 66.83%. DNAⅢ contained 60 predicted protein-coding genes, and did not encode any tRNAs. There was no tandem repeat sequence in the genome of DNAⅢ. DNAⅢ gene 32 encoded integrase, and there was also no gene encoding a repressor. DNAⅢ was highly similar and colinear in nucleotide acid level to Angel and BPs. At three different time points (1 d, 2 d and 3 d), the numbers of M.tuberculosis in DNAⅢ group were significantly smaller than those in control group (P<0.05). DNAⅢ was unstable to temperature, alcohol and pH values. Conclusion DNAⅢ, which belongs to cluster G, is a mycobacteriophage capable of lysing M.tuberculosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of group Ⅲ metabotropic glutamate receptors subtypes on neuropathic pain CHEN Rui, WANG Hua, ZHOU Quan-hong, et al 2013, 33 (10):  1328.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.003 Abstract ( 903 )   PDF (615KB) ( 1331 )   Objective To investigate the effects of group Ⅲ metabotropic glutamate receptors(mGluRs) subtypes on neuropathic pain. Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=6), and received a single intrathecal injection of 10 μL saline, L-(+)-2-Amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (L-AP4), VU0155041, AMN082 and (S)-3,4-Dicarboxyphenylglycine (DCPG) respectively on the fifth day after intrathecal catheterization. Values of 50% paw withdrawal threshold (50%PWT) and paw withdrawal latency (PWL) were measured every 15 min and 30 min after drugs administration respectively. Another thirty SD rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=6), and received a single intrathecal injection of 10 μL saline and ditto drugs respectively on the seventh day after spinal nerve ligation (SNL) surgery and intrathecal catheterization. Values of 50%PWT and PWL were measured as the ditto methods after drugs administration. Another eighteen SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group, SNL group and SNL+injection group(saline, VU0155041, AMN082 and DCPG)(n=3), all rats were taken the spinal cord at the lumbar enlargement 30 min after injection, and the expression of mGluR4, mGluR7 and mGluR8 was determined by Western blotting. Results L-AP4, VU0155041, AMN082 and DCPG had no influence on the normal rats (P>0.05), while had different analgesic effects on rats with neuropathic pain (P<0.05), in which VU0155041 had the most significant effect. The expression of mGluR4 in spinal cord in SNL group was significantly lower than that in blank control group (P<0.05), and the expression of mGluR4 in injection groups was significantly higher than that in saline group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression of mGluR7 among groups (P>0.05), and mGluR8 was hardly expressed in the spinal cord. Conclusion mGluR4 is the main subtype of group Ⅲ mGluRs involved in the regulation of neuropathic pain. Related Articles | Metrics

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Uric acid protects PC12 cells against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion-induced injury LIU Xuan, WANG Hai-rong, LIU Jia-fu, et al 2013, 33 (10):  1333.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.004 Abstract ( 941 )   PDF (735KB) ( 1332 )   Objective To investigate the protective effect of uric acid on PC12 cells injured by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R), and explore the mechanism. Methods Rat PC12 cells cultured in vitro were divided into control group, uric acid group, OGD/R group and OGD/R+uric acid group based on different ways of treatment. The cell viability was assessed by the modified MTT method, Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining was employed to determine the apoptosis rate, dihydrorhodamine (DHR) was applied to measure the cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and rhodamine 123(Rh123) was used to detect the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm). Results The viability of PC12 cells in OGD/R group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05), while management with uric acid (50-400 μmol/L) during OGD/R significantly increased the cell viability. Flow cytometry revealed that 400 μmol/L uric acid significantly inhibited OGD/R-induced apoptosis, reduced intracellular ROS production and decreased mitochondrial transmembrane potential, which were significantly different from those in OGD/R group (P<0.05). Conclusion Uric acid may have a neuroprotective effect against OGD/R-induced injury by attenuating ROS production and preserving mitochondrial function. Related Articles | Metrics

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Culture and proliferation of human umbilical cord blood endothelial progenitor cells in vitro SHAO Chun-yi, CHEN Jun-zhao, FU Yao, et al 2013, 33 (10):  1338.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.005 Abstract ( 909 )   PDF (750KB) ( 1326 )   Objective To investigate the feasibility of human umbilical cord blood endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in substitute for corneal endothelial cells as seed cells. Methods Mononuclear cells were isolated from human umbilical cord blood by density gradient centrifugation, and were plated in endothelial growth medium on fibronectin coated culture dish with EGM-2 as culture fluid. The ability of EPCs in uptaking acetylated low density lipoprotein (AcLDL) and binding Ulex Europaeus Lectin 1 (UEA1) was determined, and the expression of CD133, CD34 and vWF was detected by immunofluorescence method. Results The human umbilical cord blood EPCs exhibited polygonal or short spindle shape. Fibronectin-coated dish facilitated the adhesion of EPCs. Cellular morphology and proliferation ability were not changed by passage. The human umbilical cord blood EPCs could uptake AcLDL, bind UEA1, and express CD133, CD34 and vWF. Conclusion Human umbilical cord blood EPCs may be favorable candidate in replacement of corneal endothelial cells as seed cells. Related Articles | Metrics

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Literature mining for non-coding base sequence AN Jian-fu, MENG Li-li 2013, 33 (10):  1343.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.006 Abstract ( 935 )   PDF (358KB) ( 1297 )   Objective To improve the recall rate and precision rate of non-coding base sequence literature retrieval with neural network algorithm. Methods The related literatures were obtained from PubMed as examples. After the sample literatures were dealt, the terms were selected with term frequency (TF) and inverse document frequency (IDF) methods, then the retrieval model based on back-propagation (BP) neural network algorithm was built. Results When 100 terms were selected, the precision rate, recall rate, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROCAUC), specificity, sensitivity and accuracy rate were 91.49%, 71.23%, 0.823, 93.37%, 71.23% and 82.30% respectively. Conclusion Compared with common methods such as key words and MeSH retrieval, the retrieval model with neural network algorithm can effectively retrieve the literatures related tbo a particular topic. Related Articles | Metrics

Original article (Clinical research)

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Clinical research of relationship between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and hyperuricemia HUANG Rong, CAO Qin, GU Jing-li, et al 2013, 33 (10):  1348.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.007 Abstract ( 1282 )   PDF (357KB) ( 1329 )   Objective To investigate the relationship between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and hyperuricemia. Methods A total of 18 731 subjects undergoing medical examinations were selected. Serum thyroid stimulation hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay, and serum uric acid was examined by uricase-peroxidase coupling method. According to the 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of serum TSH, the study population was divided into subclinical hyperthyroidism group (decreased TSH), normal group and subclinical hypothyroidism group (increased TSH), the detected parameters were compared among groups, and Logistic regression analysis was conducted between serum TSH and incidence of hyperuricemia. Results The mean serum TSH of the study population was (1.54±1.13) mIU/L, and the 95%CI was 0.69-3.67 mIU/L. The numbers of subjects in subclinical hyperthyroidism group (TSH≤0.69 mIU), normal group (0.69 mIU/L<TSH＜3.67 mIU/L) and subclinical hypothyroidism group (TSH≥3.67 mIU/L) were 172, 18 167 and 392 respectively. The incidence of subclinical thyroid dysfunction was 3.01% (564/1 8731). There was an ascending trend in body mass index (BMI) and serum uric acid with the elevation of serum TSH. Compared with normal group, the serum uric acid, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were significantly lower, and the  high density lipoprotein (HDL) was significantly higher in subclinical hyperthyroidism group (P＜0.05).  Compared with normal group, the blood pressure, BMI, serum uric acid and serum triglyceride were significantly higher, and the HDL was significantly lower in subclinical hypothyroidism group (P＜0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that increased serum FSH was  independently associated with incidence of hyperuricemia (OR=2.834; 95%CI: 1.445-5.556) with the normal range of FT4 and FT3. Conclusion The reference range of serum TSH in subjects undergoing medical examinations is 0.69-3.67 mIU/L, and increased serum TSH is associated with metabolic disorders. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction is a risk factor for hyperuricemia. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of genotypes and antifungal resistance of Candida glabrata YAO Dong-ting, ZHENG Bing, YING Chun-mei, et al 2013, 33 (10):  1352.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.008 Abstract ( 1317 )   PDF (556KB) ( 1398 )   Objective To analyse the genotypes and antifungal resistance of Candida glabrata isolated from Renji Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine between 2011 and 2012 in order to investigate the drug resistance and epidemic situation. Methods Genotyping was conducted by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE), and susceptibility tests were carried out with ATB-FUNGUS system. Results Forty-nine strains of Candida glabrata were divided into 17 genotypes by PFGE, including 12 strains of type A, 11 of type B, 4 of type C, 3 of type D, type E and type F each, 2 of type G and type H each, 1 of type I, type J and type K each. The rates of susceptibility to 5-fluorocytosine, amphotericin B, voriconazole, fluconazol and itraconazole were 100%, 100%, 89.8%, 85.7% and 40.8% respectively. There was no significant difference in the rates of susceptibility to the same drug among different genotypes (P>0.05). Conclusion Type A was the major genotype of Candida glabrata in Renji Hospital. There is a high cross-resistance level in Candida glabrata to triazole drugs, which should be attached great importance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Morphological characteristics and significance of apocrine metaplasia with atypia in breast lesions XU Yan-chun, ZHU Ming-jie, GUAN Wen-bin, et al 2013, 33 (10):  1356.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.009 Abstract ( 1995 )   PDF (913KB) ( 1417 )   Objective To observe the morphological changes and significance of apocrine metaplasia with atypia in breast lesions. Methods The pathological sections of 190 cases of invasive breast cancer and 48 cases of breast benign lesions were retrospectively analysed between January 2011 and September 2012, the morphological characteristics of apocrine metaplasia were observed under microscope, and gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 kDa (GCDFP-15) and androgen receptor (AR) were determined by immunohistochemical staining. Results Apocrine metaplasia exhibited cystic, papillary and atypical type under microscope. There were 40 cases of apocrine metaplasia in invasive cancer, including 28 cases of cystic type, 4 cases of papillary type and 8 cases of atypical type. There were 13 cases of apocrine metaplasia in breast benign lesions, including 9 cases of cystic type, 2 cases of papillary type and 2 cases of atypical type. There was no significant difference in the incidence of apocrine metaplasia between cases of invasive cancer and those of breast benign lesions (P>0.05). Apocrine metaplasia of atypical type accounted for 4.2% (8/190) and 4.2% (2/48) in cases of invasive cancer and those of breast benign lesions respectively, and accounted for 20.0% (8/40) and 15.4% (2/13) in cases of invasive cancer with apocrine metaplasia and those of breast benign lesions with apocrine metaplasia respectively. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the expression of GCDFP-15 and AR was positive in apocrine metaplasia. Conclusion Apocrine metaplasia extensively exists in the benign and malignant lesions of the breast, and can be identified by expression of GCDFP-15 and AR. Though no significant difference is found between invasive breast cancer and breast benign lesions, apocrine metaplasia of atypical type has the risk to develop into breast cancer, which should be attached great importance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of CYP2C9*3 and VKORC1 gene polymorphisms on warfarin in prevention of deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs after orthopedic surgery WANG Liang, ZHONG Wu 2013, 33 (10):  1360.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.010 Abstract ( 904 )   PDF (344KB) ( 1263 )   Objective To investigate the effects of CYP2C9*3 and VKORC1-1639G>A single nucleotide polymorphisms on warfarin (WFR) in prevention of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of lower limbs after orthopedic surgery. Methods Two hundred and fourteen patients treated with WRN in prevention of DVT of lower limbs after orthopedic surgery were selected, the CYP2C9*3 and VKORC1-1639G>A polymorphisms were screened by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis, and the correlation of distribution of gene polymorphism with outcome of preventive treatment by WRN was statistically analysed. Results In these 214 patients, the frequencies of CYP2C9*3 alleles were 94.9% and 5.1% respectively, and the frequencies of VKORC1-1639G>A mutation in G and A alleles were 10.5% and 89.5% respectively. The distributions of *1/*1, *1/*3 and *3/*3 genotypes in CYP2C9*3 gene were 90.7%, 8.4% and 0.9% respectively, and the distributions of GG, GA and AA genotypes in VKORC1-1639G> A were 0.9%, 19.2% and 79.9% respectively. Both frequency distributions were in line with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Individual stable doses of WRN after operation were grouped based on the distributions of gene polymorphisms, and it was found that the stable doses of WRN were correlated with the gene polymorphisms of VKORC1-1639G>A and CYP2C9*3 (P<0.01). Besides, the incidences of DVT after WRN treatment varied among patients with different genotypes. Conclusion VKORC1-1639G>A and CYP2C9*3 polymorphisms may lead to the changes of stable doses of WRN in prevention of DVT of lower limbs after orthopedic surgery, and may be correlated to the clinical efficacy of WRN. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of individualized psychological intervention on anxiety of parents of children with hypospadias LI Ai-qiu, ZHANG Lei, CHEN Fang, et al 2013, 33 (10):  1364.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.011 Abstract ( 911 )   PDF (367KB) ( 1138 )   Objective To investigate the effect of individualized psychological intervention on anxiety of parents of children with hypospadias. Methods Eighty parents of children undergoing surgery for hypospadias in Shanghai Children's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University between March 2012 and February 2013 were randomly divided into experiment group and control group, with 40 parents in each group. Parents were evaluated with Zung's self-rating anxiety scale (SAS)(20 items) on the first day of hospital admission, and then different psychological interventions were performed. In experiment group, individualized psychological intervention was carried out on the basis of conventional psychological nursing, which guided parents to deal with psychological problems of children with different ages. However, only conventional psychological nursing intervention was conducted in control group. Parents were evaluated again two weeks after psychological intervention, the status of anxiety after intervention was determined in two groups, and the length of hospital stay was assessed. Results Two weeks after psychological intervention, the total scores of anxiety in both groups were significantly lower than those before intervention (P<0.01), and the scores of 11 items in experiment group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The length of hospital stay in experiment group was significantly shorter than that in control group [(11.13±2.85) d vs (12.80±3.99) d, P<0.05]. Conclusion The individualized psychological intervention can effectively reduce the anxiety of parents of children with hypospadias, increase the efficiency of nursing, and improve the outcome of surgery of children. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of rehabilitation training on patients with early Parkinson's disease in chronic disease management practice WANG Xi-jin, GUAN Qiang, WU Xing-jun, et al 2013, 33 (10):  1369.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.012 Abstract ( 1078 )   PDF (240KB) ( 1086 )   Objective To investigate the effects of integration of rehabilitation training into chronic disease management practice on the clinical symptoms and economic burden of patients with early Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods Forty patients with early PD were included into chronic disease management practice, and were randomly divided into control group (n=20) and rehabilitation training group (n=20). Unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS) Ⅲ was employed to evaluate the clinical symptoms before and 3 months after chronic disease management, and the economic costs 3 months before chronic disease management and 3 months after chronic disease management were calculated. Results The implementation of chronic disease management significantly improved the clinical symptoms (P<0.01), and reduced the living expenses, lost incomes and total expenses in two groups (P<0.01). Compared with control group, the clinical symptoms were significantly improved (P<0.05), and the living expenses, lost incomes and total expenses were significantly reduced in rehabilitation training group (P<0.05). Conclusion Rehabilitation training can significantly improve the clinical symptoms and reduce the economic burden of patients with PD, and should be integrated into the chronic disease management practice of patients with early PD. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical application of PET/CT in staging and restaging of Wilms' tumor TANG Yi-yun, WANG Hui, QIN Zhen, et al 2013, 33 (10):  1372.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.013 Abstract ( 1002 )   PDF (316KB) ( 1231 )   Objective To investigate the clinical application of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computerized tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) in staging and restaging of Wilms' tumor. Methods The imaging data of 18F-FDG-PET/CT of 26 children with Wilms' tumor were retrospectively analysed, and the specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of PET/CT in staging of Wilms' tumor were calculated. Results The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of PET/CT in staging of Wilms' tumor were 94.6%, 70.7%, 85.4%, 87.9%, and 86.1%, respectively. Conclusion 18F-FDG-PET/CT has definite value in staging and restaging of Wilms tumor. Related Articles | Metrics

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Role of chest pain center management model in treatment of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction HOU Xu-min, FAN Xiao-hong, ZHANG Xiao-li, et al 2013, 33 (10):  1376.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.014 Abstract ( 908 )   PDF (379KB) ( 1139 )   Objective To investigate the change of treatment of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after chest pain center onstruction. Methods According to the accreditation of Society of Chest Pain Center, the specific management system and flow-path were established in the hospital. The demographic data, success rates of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), door-to balloon time (D2B), mean length of hospital stay, average hospitalization expense per capita and in-hospital mortality were compared between patients treated before chest pain center construction (n=82) and those treated after chest pain center construction (n=96). Results There was no significant difference in the constituent ratios of baseline diseases and success rate of PCI between patients treated before chest pain center construction and those treated after chest pain center construction (P>0.05). Compared with patients treated before chest pain center construction, those treated after chest pain center construction had shorter D2B and mean length of hospital stay by 45.8 min (40.7%) and 2.5 d (25.3%) respectively, less average hospitalization expense per capita by 6 103 yuan (13.1%) and lower in-hospital mortality by 65.2% (P<0.01). Conclusion The international management model of chest pain center effectively reduces the rescue time and decreases the mortality in patients with STEMI, which may be an effective method to control the medical expense and improve the service quality. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical outcomes of cardiac valve replacement in octogenarians MAO Jian-qiang, ZHUANG Yu, FAN Yong-liang, et al 2013, 33 (10):  1380.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.015 Abstract ( 1513 )   PDF (293KB) ( 1190 )   Objective To summarize the clinical outcomes and experience in perioperative management in octogenarians undergoing cardiac valve replacement. Methods Fifty-six octogenarians underwent heart valve replacement with hypothermia and cardiopulmonary bypass, and the surgical outcomes, complications and followup findings were analyzed. Results Among the 56 patients, 4 died early after operation, and 52 (92.9%) discharged. There were 23 cases of complications, including respiratory failure, renal failure, ventricular arrhythmia, pleural effusion and pericardial effusion. Forty-two patients were followed up for more than 2 years, there were 31 patients with gradeⅡ of cardiac function and 11 patients with grade Ⅲ of cardiac function 2 years after operation, and the left atrial diameter was significantly smaller and the pulmonary arterial pressure was significantly lower 2 years after operation than those before operation (P<0.05). Conclusion With appropriate timing of operation and proper perioperative management, cardiac valve replacement may be feasible for octogenarians with cardiac valvular disease. Related Articles | Metrics

Original article (Preventive medicine)

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Relationship between means to obtain knowledge of HIV/AIDS and demographic characteristics among female sex workers based on association rules XIAO Shao-jun, WANG Run-hua, ZHONG Xiao-ni, et al 2013, 33 (10):  1384.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.016 Abstract ( 926 )   PDF (358KB) ( 1140 )   Objective To investigate the relationship between demographic characteristics and means to obtain knowledge of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) among female sex workers (FSWs). Methods The association rules between means to obtain knowledge and demographic characteristics among FSWs were explored by Apriori algorithm. Rules were pruned by establishing the minimum support and confidence, improving the lift and confidence, and adding Chi-square test. Results The main means for FSWs to obtain knowledge of HIV/AIDS were television (69.18%), publicity materials (47.61%), doctors (39.87%), newspapers (33.18%) and internet (27.54%). After screening, 12 rules were acquired on the association between the demographic characteristics and television, internet, newspapers, doctors and publicity materials. For instance, married FSWs of urban household with medium income tended to obtain knowledge by the means of television (support, 3.80%; confidence, 85.29%). Conclusion FSWs with different demographic characteristics vary in means to obtain knowledge of HIV/AIDS. Choosing appropriate health education methods for FSWs based on demographic characteristics may play an important role in disseminating knowledge of HIV/AIDS and improving the efficiency of health education. Related Articles | Metrics

Original article (Public health administration)

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Research on cognition of cooperation between public hospitals and non-public hospitals in development of modern medical service industry in Shanghai TANG Lei, ZHANG Wei, YUAN Hui-yun, et al 2013, 33 (10):  1389.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.017 Abstract ( 970 )   PDF (388KB) ( 1135 )   Objective To investigate the attitude and cognition of health administrative officials and medical staffs on the development of modern medical services in Shanghai, explore the advantages and disadvantages of public hospitals and non-public hospitals, and provide theoretical basis for their cooperation on modern medical services. Methods The concept of modern medical service industry was defined after literature review and expert interview. The self-made questionnaire was designed based on the results of expert interview, which included the cognition and attitude on the prospect and ways of development of modern medical services in Shanghai, the advantages and disadvantages of public and non-public hospitals, and the feasibility of their cooperation in the development of modern medical services in Shanghai. Four hundred health administrative officials, medical doctors in public hospitals and leaders in non-public hospitals were surveyed by convenient sampling. Results The modern medical service industry was defined as “a new field which is using modern medical new technology, new forms and new services to transform and upgrade traditional medical services, to create demand for the society, to guide consumption and provide high value-added, multilevel medical services with the development of information technology and knowledge economy. A total of 68.3% of respondents believed that the prospect of modern medical services in Shanghai was promising, and health administrative officials were more optimistic about the prospects than medical doctors in public hospitals (P=0.003). Besides, 74.1% of respondents thought the operation mechanism of Sino-foreign joint venture hospitals was the best mode to develop high-end medical services, and 86.6% of investigators considered that the cooperation between public hospitals and non-public hospitals was feasible. Conclusion The favorable prospect of modern medical services in Shanghai is generally accepted, and the successful operation mechanism of Sino-foreign joint venture hospitals can provide references for developing modern medical service in Shanghai through cooperation between public hospitals and non-public hospitals, while there still exist some problems about system and mechanism in providing high-end medical services jointly. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary research on construction of regional hospital group feasibility evaluation index system in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps LI Hui, SHENG Hong-bin, JING Ming-xia 2013, 33 (10):  1393.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.018 Abstract ( 1164 )   PDF (421KB) ( 1251 )   Objective To construct the longitudinal regional hospital group feasibility evaluation index system with Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps as example. Methods The construction principle of longitudinal regional hospital group feasibility evaluation index system was established, the theory frame was designed through literature review and focus group interview, and hospital group feasibility evaluation index system in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps was formed with Delphi method. Results Review of 20 literatures indicated that strategic analysis tools were widely employed in the evaluation of feasibility of hospital group. Focus group interview revealed that monopoly, diseconomies of scale, operation and management of primary health care institutions were potential problems for hospital group. Four primary indicators (regional outer environment, core hospital inner environment, member hospital inner environment and cooperation condition), 27 secondary indicators, 49 tertiary indicators and their weights were finally determined after Delphi method. Conclusion Construction of hospital group feasibility evaluation index system in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps provides a measurement tool for evaluation of feasibility of hospital group. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of role of microRNA in depressive disorder LI Jin, ZHANG Chao-bao, ZOU Mei, et al 2013, 33 (10):  1399.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.019 Abstract ( 1316 )   PDF (469KB) ( 1351 )   MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of new tiny non-coding RNAs, with about 22 nucleotides in length, existing widely in organisms. It is involved in the modulation of almost all kinds of physiological processes through inhibiting the translation or inducing the destabilization of target messenger RNA via binding to its 3 untranslated region (3'UTR). And aberrant expression of miRNA is associated with a large range of pathological processes. Very recent evidences have indicated that miRNA may play an important role in depressive disorder. Here, the relationship between miRNA and depressive disorder, involvement of miRNA in the pathogenesis of depressive disorder, and treatment of depressive disorder associated with miRNA are reviewed, hoping to give a help to get insights into the pathogenesis and future cure of depressive disorder. Related Articles | Metrics

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Dual role of autophagy in cancer TANG Zhong-yuan, ZHANG Ning, DI Wen, et al 2013, 33 (10):  1405.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.020 Abstract ( 1344 )   PDF (489KB) ( 1453 )   Autophagy is a process in which subcellular membranes undergo dynamic morphological changes that lead to the degradation of cellular proteins and cytoplasmic organelles. Autophagy is closely associated with many diseases, and plays a role in the development of cancer. On one hand, autophagy and cell death process may suppress the development of tumours; on the other hand, autophagy is a self-defence mechanism, which may protect the tumour cells from injury caused by nutrition deficiency, ionizing radiation and chemotherapy during tumour development. In this review the mechanisms that link autophagy to tumour suppression and promotion are discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of animal models of experimental autoimmune uveitis YU Qi, XU Xun 2013, 33 (10):  1411.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.021 Abstract ( 1833 )   PDF (324KB) ( 1467 )   Uveitis is one of the major sight-threatening diseases in ophthalmology. Animal models of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) are important models for the study of uveitis and systemic autoimmune diseases. Targeting immunologically privileged retinal antigens, EAU serves as a research tool to reveal basic mechanisms as well as to evaluate novel anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs. This review details on the model induction methods, course of disease, criteria for evaluation, underlying mechanisms and research prospects. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of high throughput drug screening models XU Yuan-yuan, CHEN Peng-hui, WU Ying-li 2013, 33 (10):  1415.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.022 Abstract ( 1168 )   PDF (395KB) ( 1328 )   As the core of high throughput screening systems, screening models have enjoyed remarkable development and wider application driven by intensive studies and technology advancement. Discussed in this paper are the latest progress in molecule, cell and animal based models of high throughput screening and their recent applications in drug screening, as well as their pros and cons and related theories. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of hospice care training for clinical interns in Department of Hematology ZHUANG Yan, CHENG Yi-min, TANG Yong, et al 2013, 33 (10):  1420.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.023 Abstract ( 1070 )   PDF (212KB) ( 1130 )   Objective To investigate the feasibility and methods of hospice care training for clinical interns in Department of Hematology. Methods Twenty-eight clinical interns in Department of Hematology were randomly divided into lecture-based learning group and case-based learning group, and were subject to hospice care training through lecture-based learning method and case-based learning method respectively. The awareness of hospice medical practice was evaluated with Likert scale for hospice knowledge, questionnaires were employed to measure the attitudes towards teaching methods, and the training efficacies were compared between groups. Results The awareness and capabilities of hospice medical practice of interns were significantly improved after clinical training for hospice care knowledge, the scores of Likert scale for hospice knowledges were significantly increased in two groups after training (P<0.05), and the the score in case-based learning group was significantly higher than that in lecture-based learning group (P<0.05). In addition, questionnaire survey indicated that interns from case-based learning group found more usefulness of training than those from lecture-based learning group. Conclusion It is feasible to carry out hospice care training for interns in Department of Hematology, and case-based learning method may yield better results. Related Articles | Metrics

Technique and method

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Culture and differentiation of C2C12 cells for identification of skeletal muscular fibers ZHOU Li-na, WANG Yan, LI Qing-yun, et al 2013, 33 (10):  1423.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.024 Abstract ( 4255 )   PDF (643KB) ( 2682 )   Objective To establish a model for in vitro culture and differentiation of skeletal muscular cells and identification of muscular fibers. Methods C2C12 cells of skeletal muscle were obtained, 5×104/mL C2C12 cells were cultured in DMEM with 20 mL/L horse serum in a incubator for in vitro differentiation. The expression of myogenin was detected by immunofluorescence technique. The differentiated C2C12 cells were treated with 25 ng/mL visfatin for 48 h (visfatin treatment group) or not treated with visfatin (control group), the expression of mRNA and protein of myosin heavy chain (MHC) subtypes (MHC-Ⅰ, MHC-ⅡA and MHC-ⅡB) was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting, and the ratios of expression of MHC-Ⅰ to MHC-Ⅱ were calculated. Results The undifferentiated spindle-like cells had only one nucleus with several nucleoli, while the differentiated cells became elongated with numerous nuclei clustering like a string. Immunofluorescence detection demonstrated that myogenin was expressed in the nucleus which confirmed the differentiation of C2C12 cells. RT-PCR and Western blotting indicated the capability of C2C12 cells to express mRNA and protein of three MHC subtypes after in vitro induced differentiation, and the expression of mRNA and protein of three MHC subtypes in visfatin treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). The ratios of expression of MHC-Ⅰ to that of MHC-Ⅱ in control group and visfatin treatment group were 0.63 and 0.60 respectively. Conclusion C2C12 cell model can be used to induce the differentiation of skeletal muscle and identify the types of muscular fibers, and the cell model responses to visfatin at its lower concentration, which provides basis for the further research on the mechanism of upper airway collapse. Related Articles | Metrics

Case report

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Two cases report of Schwartz-Matsuo syndrome CAI Xuan, ZHANG Qi, ZHAO Pei-quan 2013, 33 (10):  1428.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2013.10.025 Abstract ( 1507 )   PDF (413KB) ( 1269 )   Schwartz-Matsuo syndrome is easily missed or misdiagnosed in clinics. This paper reports the clinical data of 2 patients with Schwartz-Matsuo syndrome, which are respectively analyzed by history, slit-lamp microscope, ultrasound, ultrasound biomicroscope and fundus examination. The visual acuity and intraocular pressure are noted in details, and the treatment process and efficacy are analyzed. It is suggested that early diagnosis, early treatment and operation for retinal hole are the keys to treat Schwartz-Matsuo syndrome. Related Articles | Metrics