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Table of Content

    28 May 2018, Volume 38 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue
    Original article (Basic research)
    Original article (Clinical research)
    Review
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    Original article (Basic research)
    Repression of lung tumor suppressor gene G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member A inflammatory signal pathway
    XU Dong-liang*, LIAO Yue-ling*, DENG Jiong
    2018, 38 (5):  487. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.001
    Abstract ( 1253 )   PDF (7154KB) ( 1365 )  
    Objective · To investigate the regulatory effects of inflammatory signaling pathway on the of G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member A (GPRC5A). Methods · Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-driven luciferase mice were intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to evaluate the activation of NF-κB in lungs. GPRC5A in lungs was assessedWestern blotting in the C57BL/6J mice injected with LPS. In vitro tests, human lung tumor cell lines Calu-1 and H322, and human embryonic kidney cell line HEK293T were administered with tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) or transfected with p65 plasmid; Western blotting, RT-PCR, luciferase reporter gene experiment and immunofluorescence assay were used to analyze the effect of inflammation on GPRC5A . Results · Intraperitoneal injection of LPS induced activation of NF-κB pathway in lung tissues, which suppressed the of GPRC5A in mice lungs. In Calu-1 cells, TNF-α treatment greatly suppressed the of GPRC5A protein and mRNA. In HEK293T cells, transfection of p65 subunit of NF-κB suppressed the of GPRC5A promoter-driven luciferase reporter. The H322 cells transfected with green fluorescent protein-p65 almost did not express GPRC5A. Conclusion · NF-κB pathway acts at the promoter of GPRC5A and suppresses its mRNA and protein .
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    Preparation, characterization and evaluation of drug-loaded function of nanobowls
    CHEN Zhong-jian, LU Qin, FANG Chao
    2018, 38 (5):  493. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.002
    Abstract ( 1381 )   PDF (8056KB) ( 1110 )  
    Objective · To prepare nanobowls, establish the method for characterizing nanoparticles, and test drug loading efficiency and release efficiency of nanobowls. Methods · The polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) were prepared by the means of the normal emulsion polymerization. The peanuts nanoparticles (PNPs) were synthesized by the swelling process of PSNPs and the selective crosslinking between 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate and tetraethylorthosilicate. Finally, the polystyrene was dissolved to obtain nanobowls. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) was used to analyze the size of each kind of nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to observe the morphology of nanoparticles. Nanobowls loaded doxorubicin hydrochloride as a model drug though continuous shaking were used to measure drug loading capacity and release efficiency. Results · PSNPs, coated polystyrene nanoparticles (CPSNPs), PNPs, silica peanuts nanoparticles (Si-PNPs) and nanobowls were synthesized successfully. The size of nanobowls was (126.7±4.9) nm and the Zeta potential was (-30.2±1.1) mV. The final nanoparitcles could be used to load drug easily. The drug loading efficiency and loading capacity reached 51.1% and 9.3%, respectively. Moreover, the nanobowls had the expected sustained release effect. Conclusion · The prepared nanobowls are loaded with drugs successfully, which can release drug slowly and almost completely. The nanobowls can be used for drug release delivery.
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    Effect of poly (L-lactic acid caprolactone)/gelatin blend electrospun on angiogenesis of rat bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells
    ZHANG Xia, ZHENG Lei-lei, LIU Yan, MING Ye, HE Hao-jue, HU Yun
    2018, 38 (5):  499. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.003
    Abstract ( 971 )   PDF (7652KB) ( 1092 )  
    Objective · To investigate the effect of poly (L-lactic acid caprolactone) (PLCL) /gelatin electrospinning on the angiogenesis differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Methods · Rat bone marrow-derived EPCs were isolated and cultured, then identification was performed. After preparation of PLCL/gelatin blend electrospun scaffold, scanning electron microscopy and water contact angle test were carried out. EPCs were grown on PLCL/gelatin electrospinning and CCK8 was used to detect cell proliferation. The of vascular endothelial growth factor (Vegf ) and kinases region receptor (Kdr) was observedRT-PCR and the of VEGF protein was observedWestern blotting. Results · The density gradient centrifugation combined with differential adherence method could effectively isolate EPCs. PLCL/gelatin electrospun nanofibers were porous, and the hydrophilic properties were favorable for cell adhesion, and EPCs grew well on the scaffold. The of Vegf and Kdr gene in PLCL/gelatin group was higher than that in control group (P0.000), and the of VEGF protein was also increased (P0.000). Conclusion · PLCL/gelatin is an ideal scaffold for tissue engineering, and it can promote the angiogenesis differentiation of EPCs.
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    Original article (Clinical research)
    Progression of left ventricular hypertrophy in maintenance hemodialysis patients and analysis of risk factors
    CHEN Xiao-mei1, CHEN Zi-jin2, MA Xiao-bo2, ZHANG Chun-li2, QIAN Ying2, YU Hai-jin2, CHEN Xiao-nong2
    2018, 38 (5):  505. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.004
    Abstract ( 1067 )   PDF (6723KB) ( 1233 )  
    Objective · To observe the progression of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients, and to analyse risk factors of the progression of LVH. Methods · SMHD patients of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were enrolled in July 2012. These patients were followed for 1 year. Clinical characteristics and laboratory indices were collected at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Left ventricular mass (LVM) was evaluatedultrasonic cardiogram. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) increased more than 5% was defined as LVH progression. Results · Totally 71 MHD patients were enrolled in this study. 44 patients were males, with median age 55.9 years old, median dialysis vintage 152.1 months. 22 (30.99%) patients had LVH at enrollment. A significant higher percentage of MHD patients used calcium-channel binder (CCB) and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) in LVH group, while a significant higher NT-proBNP level was also showed in LVH group. 31 patients had LVH progression while 40 patients didn’t after 1 year. Patients in progression group had significant higher levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). In univariable and multivariable Logistic regression, total cholesterol and LDL-C were independent risk factors of LVH progression (OR2.515, 95% CI 1.219-5.910, P0.013; OR1.950, 95% CI 1.127-3.375, P0.017). Conclusion · LVH is one of the common cardiovascular complications in MHD patients. The proportion of of antihypertensive drugs is higher in the patients with LVH. Higher LDL-C and total cholesterol levels are risk factors for the progression of LVH.
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    Application of perineural space expansionnormal saline in axillary brachial plexus block
    LI Yu-xin, XU Yang, HU Qian, CUI De-rong
    2018, 38 (5):  510. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.005
    Abstract ( 1037 )   PDF (5458KB) ( 1344 )  
    Objective · To compare the clinical effect of ultrasound-guided perineural space expansionnormal saline combined with perivascular technique (PSE-PV) with traditional perivascular technique in axillary brachial plexus block (PV). Methods · A randomized, controlled, and double blind study was performed. Sixty patients arranged for emergency hand surgery were allocated to 2 groups, i.e. PSE-PV group and PV group, with 30 cases in each group receiving ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block. For PSE-PV group, injection was carried out at the 12 oclock position using 5 mL of normal saline firstly to expand the perineural space followed15 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine at the same position. The patients of PV group got their injections of 20 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine at the direction of 12 oclock of axillary artery. The sensory and motor blockade assessment 30 min after drug injection, performance time, success rate, and adverse events were recorded. Results · The sensory and motor blockade scores were 1.7±0.3 and 1.6±0.3 in PSE-PV group, and 1.8±0.4 and 1.6±0.3, respectively in PV group without significant differences (P>0.05). The performance time of PSE-PV group was (4.0±1.3) min, a little longer than that of PV group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The success rates of nerve block reached 100% in both groups. Only 1 case in PV group reacted to the local anesthetics. Conclusion · Ultrasound-guided perineural space expansionnormal saline reduces dosage of local anesthetics in axillary brachial plexus block, which has similar anesthetic effect, performance time and adverse effect with traditional perivascular method.
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    Survey on physicians who engage in cancer diagnosis and treatment third-grade class A hospitals regarding the perceptions of cancer patients fertility preservation
    ZHANG Feng-chun1, 2*, MA Yue3*, LIN Yu-mei4*, LIU Zhao-nan3, YAN Ning-ning1, 2, XU Hai-yan1, XU Ying-chun3, WANG Li-wei3
    2018, 38 (5):  514. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.006
    Abstract ( 1068 )   PDF (7613KB) ( 927 )  
    Objective · To explore the perceptions and current practice barriers of Chinese physicians who engage in cancer diagnosis and treatment third-grade Class A hospitals regarding cancer patients perceptions of fertility preservation (FP). Methods · A study was conducted in physicians 4 third-grade Class A hospitals with different clinical specialties assisting cancer patients through a structured self-report questionnaire between January 2017 and December 2017. A total of 179 medical oncologists, 77 radiation oncologists and 79 surgeons were included. Their information on gender, age, title, education background and perceptions of FP was obtained. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the correlation between the recommendation of FP and risk factors. Results · There were 335 physicians, including 88 male physicians and 247 female physicians, with an average age of (35.94±6.27) years (range 23-59 years) in the current study. Although 96.4% of the physicians knew that chemotherapy and radiation had a profound effect on impairment of fertility and 85.1% of them thought it was necessary to recommend FP, only 28.1% of them gave FP-related recommendations to the cancer patients. The oncologists and surgeons, female physicians, and those with higher professional titles and education background were more likely to make the FP recommendation. Among 63.3% of the physicians knowing male FP, only 37.9% and 21.2% of them noted the exact methods and place for FP, respectively. Similarly, for the 65.1% of the physicians knowing female FP, the percentage was 49.9% and 24.5%, respectively. When it came to the barriers of FP decision-making, 32.8% of the oncologists reported their concerns on whether cancer patients were suito reproduce. Secondly, the physicians honestly admitted that they lacked expertise in FP and worried about that FP would delay cancer treatment. Conclusion · Physicians who engage in cancer diagnosis and treatment lack the awareness and knowledge background of FP recommendation for cancer patients. It is important to improve the perceptions of cancer patients’ FP through standardize training.
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    Correlation between blood-brain barrier permeability and physical disability in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
    HUANG Xin-xin1, DING Jie2, HAN Lu2, YU Lu1, ZHU De-sheng2, GUAN Yang-tai1, 2
    2018, 38 (5):  520. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.007
    Abstract ( 1064 )   PDF (6768KB) ( 1392 )  
    Objective · To explore association between blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and physical disability in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Methods · Clinical data of 105 patients with NMOSD was retrospectively analyzed in Department of Neurology at Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University and Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine June 2009 to June 2016. According to the difference between the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scores when discharged hospital and when admitted to hospital, NMOSD patients were divided into disability-reduction group and disability-exacerbation group, and their clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups, then association between BBB permeability and physical disability was analyzed. Results · Between the disability-reduction group and the disability-exacerbation group, there was no significant difference in gender, age, disease duration, inducing factor, clinical symptoms, and medication (all P>0.05), and the abnormal rates of thoracic spinal cord in clinical examination were statistically different (P0.023). There was no significant difference in biochemical data between the two groups (P>0.05), and a statistically significant difference was observed in the rate of cerebrospinal/serum albumin ratio (QALB) in the cerebrospinal fluid examination (P0.042). The percentages of exacerbation of disability in the QALB normal and high groups were 27.60% (16/58) and 46.80% (22/47), respectively, and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ24.150, P0.042). BBB permeability was positively correlated with physical disability (r0.299, P0.042). Conclusion · The higher the BBB permeability of NMOSD patients on admission is, the higher the degree of physical disability is. The difference in BBB permeability provides key clues to the investigation of the immunological mechanisms of physical disability in NMOSD patients.
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    Assessment of volume status in maintenance hemodialysis patients
    PANG Hui-hua, ZHANG Hai-fen, CHE Miao-lin, YU Zan-zhe, LIN Xing-hui, ZHU Ming-li, LU Ren-hua, FANG Ni-na, NI Zhao-hui, GU Le-yi
    2018, 38 (5):  524. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.008
    Abstract ( 1277 )   PDF (6882KB) ( 869 )  
    Objective · To assess volume status in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods · Body composition analysis was performed on 128 MHD patients Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. The volume status was assessed based on body composition data and predialysis systolic blood pressure (preBPsys), edema grade, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). Patients were divided into hyperhydrated group (percentage of hydration status, HS%>15%) or normohydrated group (HS% ≤15%). Body composition data were compared, including lean tissue index (LTI) and fat tissue index (FTI). The blood pressure, edema grade, serum calcium, serum phosphate, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), hemoglobin, albumin, pre-albumin, hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), serum sodium, and urea clearance Kt/V were compared between two groups. Results · Sixty-nine patients were normohydrated and preBPsys reached target; 10 patients were overhydrated with higher preBPsys; 18 patients had overhydration but preBPsys was in target range. Compared to normohydraed group, patients in hyperhydrated group had more obvious edema, higher BNP level, significantly lower LTI, serum albumin and pre-albumin levels, while serum sodium was significantly higher (P<0.05). Conclusion · Volume status of hemodialysis patients can be objectively and accurately assessedbody composition analysis using bioimpedance technique with blood pressure, edema grade and biochemical parameters. Hyperhydrated patients may have higher serum sodium level, lower serum albumin, lower hemoglobin, and less lean tissue mass concomitantly. Sodium intake control, nutrition status improvement, and anemia correction may be useful to reduce hyperhydration.
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    Clinical consultation and prognosis analysis of fetus with increased nuchal translucency
    ZHAO Xin-rong, WANG Yan-lin, FAN Yang-yang, GAO Li
    2018, 38 (5):  529. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.009
    Abstract ( 1404 )   PDF (6369KB) ( 1309 )  
    Objective &middot; To investigate the correlation between increased nuchal translucency (NT) thickness and fetal chromosomal abnormalities, severe structure anomalies and other abnormalities, and its value in assessment of fetal prognosis. Methods &middot; Five hundred and eighty-three singleton fetuses with NT &ge; 2.5 mm in the first trimester (11-13+6 week) were retrospectively analyzed, of which 252 had invasive prenatal test for fetal chromosome and genetic tests. They were divided into 5 groups according to the NT thickness, 2.5～ 2.9 mm, 3.0～ 3.4 mm, 3.5～ 4.4 mm, and &ge; 4.5 mm as 1st to 4th group, and cystic hygroma as 5th group.The incidences among groups were analyzedCochran-Armitage Trend test. Fishers exact test was used to compare diversities of NT thickness among the major chromosomal abnormalities. Results &middot; Among the 583 singleton fetuses, 59 were diagnosed as chromosomal abnormalities (23.4%, 59/252), 38 with structure anomalies (6.5%), of which 13 cases with severe cardiac anomalies (2.2%).There were 6 fetal demise, 3 ineviabortion, 2 stillborn, 94 terminations of pregnancy (8 for personal factors) and 478 live birth, without spontaneous abortions and congenital infections after invasive prenatal test. The differences among the incidences of chromosomal abnormalities, structure anomalies and cardiac anomalies in five groups were statistically significant (P0.000) and the incidences all increased with fetal NT thickness. The healthy living rates of fetus were 96.5%, 81.9%, 74.0%, 35.6%, and 6.7% among groups, respectively, and the incidences all decreased with fetal NT thickness (P0.000). Conclusion &middot; Increased NT thickness is related to fetal chromosomal abnormalities, severe cardiac anomalies and poor pregnant outcome. The incidences of chromosomal abnormalities, structure anomalies, cardiac anomalies and pregnant outcome all increase with fetal NT thickness. In clinical practice, individualized guidance should be conducted according to different thickness of NT.
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    Analysis of subfoveal choroidal thickness and macular ganglion cell layer thickness in hyperopia anisometropic amblyopic eyes
    FU Yang, LUO Li-ying, XIANG Xiao-qiong, TANG Min
    2018, 38 (5):  533. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.010
    Abstract ( 1207 )   PDF (4610KB) ( 1172 )  
    Objective &middot; To analyze and compare the subfoveal choroidal thickness and macular ganglion cell layer (MGCL) thickness in hyperopia anisometropic amblyopic children between the amblyopic eyes and the fellow eyes. Methods &middot; The subfoveal choroidal thickness and the MGCL thickness were measuredenhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) in 63 hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic children. The value of subfoveal choroidal thickness and the MGCL thickness were compared between the amblyopic eyes and the fellow eyes. The average thickness of the eyes between the different types was compared using the paired t test. Results &middot; Mean subfoveal choroidal thickness was (321.83&plusmn;12.74) &mu;m and (316.78&plusmn;18.76) &mu;m respectively in amblyopic and fellow eyes (P0.182). Mean MGCL thickness was (83.78&plusmn;4.81) &mu;m in amblyopic eyes and (83.26&plusmn;4.17) &mu;m in the fellow eyes (P0.223). Conclusion &middot; Mean subfoveal choroidal thickness and MGCL thickness were not statistically significant between hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes and normal fellow eyes.
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    Therapeutic effect of orthodontic intrusion combined with periodontal regenerative surgery in the treatment of pathologic migration of upper incisors
    ZHOU Jie, SHU Rong, GONG Yin, XIE Yu-feng
    2018, 38 (5):  536. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.011
    Abstract ( 1159 )   PDF (6466KB) ( 1225 )  
    Objective &middot; To evaluate the effectiveness of orthodontic intrusion combined with periodontal regenerative surgery in the treatment of pathologic migration of upper incisors. Methods &middot; Nine patients with chronic periodontitis who had pathologic migration of upper incisors were selected. After periodontal initial therapy, periodontal regenerative surgery was performed on the vertical defect around 11 displaced teeth, and then orthodontic intrusion was performed 3 months after the surgery. The differences between baseline (T0) and end of orthodontic treatment (T1) of the periodontal clinical parameters and bone defects were analyzed. Results &middot; For all patients, the periodontal clinical parameters and bone defects were significantly improved. The average pocket probing depth reduction was 2.81 mm, the average attachment gain was 3.38 mm, the average gingival recession was reduced0.56 mm, and the width of keratinized gingival tissue was not decreased. As measured on the X-ray, the depth and width of the vertical bone defect were reducedan average of 2.20 mm and 0.55 mm, respectively. Conclusion &middot; Orthodontic intrusion combined with periodontal regenerative surgery can effectively treat pathologic migration of the upper incisors with vertical bone defects, and obtain good periodontal soft and hard tissue regeneration.
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    Research on relationship of FGF-23 and sKL with cardiac valve calcification in CAPD patients
    FU Yu-ling1, HU Kun1, SHEN Yan-ping1, SHI Xin2, QIAO Qing1
    2018, 38 (5):  541. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.012
    Abstract ( 1079 )   PDF (8171KB) ( 907 )  
    Objective &middot; To explore the relationship of fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) and soluble klotho (sKL) with cardiac valve calcification in patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Methods &middot; 147 CAPD patients the dialysis center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were enrolled. The concentrations of FGF-23 and sKL were measuredenzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Echocardiography was applied to evaluate cardiac valve calcification. The patients were divided into normal cardiac valve group (group A) and cardiac valve calcification group (group B). SPSS 23.0 software was used for data analysis. Results &middot; The incidence of cardiac valve calcification in CAPD patients was 54.42%. The risk of cardiac valve calcification showed positive correlation with age, dialysis age, serum creatinine, corrected calcium, serum phosphorus, serum alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone, and the level of FGF-23 (P0.045, P0.022, P0.006, P0.024, P0.000, P0.017, P0.022, P0.000), and negative correlation with urea clearance index, the level of sKL and residual renal function (P0.045, P0.000, P0.011). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the increase of FGF-23 (OR5.007, 95% CI 1.446-17.339, P0.011) and serum phosphorus (OR7.433, 95% CI 1.558-35.470, P0.012) were two independent risk factors for cardiac valve calcification in CAPD patients, and the decrease of sKL (OR0.310, 95% CI 0.108-0.891, P0.030) was another independent risk factor as well. Receiver operator characteristic curves (ROC) indicated that to predict cardiac valve calcification in patients with CAPD, the optimal cut off points of FGF-23 and sKL were 2 172.64 pg/mL (sensitivity was 91.3%, specificity was 91%) and 231.88 pg/mL (sensitivity was 88.8%, specificity was 92.5%), respectively. Conclusion &middot; The high level of FGF-23 and low level of sKL are two independent risk factors for cardiac valve calcification in CAPD patients. FGF-23 and sKL can be used to diagnose cardiac valve calcification in CAPD patients.
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    Correlation between pulmonary vascular permeability index and calcitonin in acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with septic shock
    HUANG Li-li*, MIAO Hua-jie*, LU Yang, ZHAO Hong-sheng, CHEN Xin-long
    2018, 38 (5):  547. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.013
    Abstract ( 1210 )   PDF (6662KB) ( 1346 )  
    Objective &middot; To analyze the assessment value of pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPI) and procalcitonin (PCT) levels to the severity and prognosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with septic shock. Methods &middot; Clinic data of 100 ARDS patients admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University was analyzed retrospectively. The clinical data was collected as follows: gender, age, infection site, acute physiology, chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ ), sequential organ failure (SOFA) score, serum PCT level, and hemodynamic parameters which were monitoredpulse indicator continuous cardiac output (PiCCO). Patients with septic shock associated with ARDS patients were divided into mild, moderate and severe groups. The patients were divided into survival group and death group according to the 28-day prognosis, and the differences in the parameters between two groups were analyzed, to evaluate PVPI and PCT in predicting the severity and prognosis of septic shock associated ARDS. Results &middot; There were significant differences in PVPI and PCT between ARDS group associated with septic shock and not (P0.000). PVPI and PCT increased with the severity of ARDS, and there was a statistically significant difference between the ARDS groups in different degrees of PVPI (P0.000). Pearson correlation analysis showed that PVPI was positively correlated with APACHE Ⅱ score and SOFA score (r0.554, P0.000; r0.431，P0.000), and PCT was positively correlated with APACHE Ⅱ score and SOFA score (r0.313, P0.004; r0.320, P0.004). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve of the prognosis of ARDS patients with sepsis was significantly higher than those of the two groups. Conclusion &middot; PVPI can assess the severity of ARDS in patients with septic shock, and PVPI and PCT are predictive factors of prognosis. The combination of PVPI and PCT contributes to early stage diagnosis of ARDS associated with septic shock.
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    Review
    Research progress of microglia and peripheral monocytes in mood disorders
    MAO Rui-zhi1, 2, ZHANG Chen1, 2, FANG Yi-ru1, 2
    2018, 38 (5):  552. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.014
    Abstract ( 1170 )   PDF (6095KB) ( 1311 )  
    The role of inflammation in the pathomechanism and treatment of mood disorders has drawn public attention in the field. As representatives of central and peripheral immune systems, microglia and peripheral monocytic cells become more active and release relative cytokines in mood disorders patients. These two classes of immune cells have similar genetic and functions. It is beneficial to explore how microglia and monocytes influence emotion and behavior via immune signaling pathway for understanding the disease pathogenesis and developing potential therapeutic strategies.
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    Application of computerized cognitive behavioral therapy in sleep disorders
    ZHAO Ya-juan, FU Hao, WANG Yong
    2018, 38 (5):  556. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.015
    Abstract ( 1146 )   PDF (7902KB) ( 1041 )  
    Sleep disorders，which have high incidence and complicated mechanisms, are a prevalent public health problem that cannot be ignored. It is confirmed that the drug therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy are the main ways to treat sleep disorders effectively. However, these therapies do have limitations. For example, the tolerance and dependency of drug therapy means that it cannot be taken for a long period of time, as well as the cognitive behavioral therapy is greatly influencedlocation and economy factors. Thus, computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (CCBT) comes into being, with its convenience and economic advantages. Currently, the CCBT is systematic in some countries, which is still in the beginning stage in China. The application and efficacy of CCBT and the existing problems were reviewed in this paper.
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    Research status on finite element analysis of bone drilling
    WANG Zhen-huan1, HUANG Yong-hui1, LIN Yan-ping1, CHEN Hua-jiang2, ZHANG Ying2, YUAN Wen2
    2018, 38 (5):  561. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.016
    Abstract ( 1170 )   PDF (6752KB) ( 1002 )  
    In recent years, the virtual surgery training system with force feedback has provided a new way for young doctors to improve their surgical skills in a safe, efficient and flexible training method. Precise drilling force and realistic hand feeling of manipulation are the cruxes in the virtual surgery training, and the accurate simulation of bone drilling depends on the accurate establishment of drilling force prediction model. The establishment of force prediction model with finite element analysis is the key part in the development of virtual training system. In this paper, the current research status of finite element analysis of bone drilling presented in four aspects: bone model reconstruction, material model, mesh model and prediction of drilling force, especially the construction of bone tissue material model is discussed in detail and several important models are analyzed. This paper presented a relatively complete overview of the approaches commonly used in this research field to promote the establishment of more accurate force prediction models of bone drilling.
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    Clinical research progress of humidified high-flow nasal cannula therapy in pediatric patients
    TONG Xing-yu, YOU Sha-sha, CAO Hui-min, HE Bin
    2018, 38 (5):  565. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.017
    Abstract ( 1129 )   PDF (5973KB) ( 1177 )  
    Various forms of noninvasive respiratory support have been applied to the treatment of infant respiratory distress and hypoxemia. The most common noninvasive respiratory support in neonatal intensive care unit is nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP). But the NCPAP systems are not always well acceptedthe neonatal population, with the risk of mucosal injury and nosocomial infection. In recent years, humidified high-flow nasal cannula (HHFNC) has been introduced and developed as a possible alternative to NCPAP for noninvasive respiratory support mode, becait increases patients&rsquo; comfort and the effectiveness of the ventilation. This article summarized the current research progress of HHFNC therapy in pediatric patients.
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    Research progress of &beta;-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration
    ZHANG Chao1, 2, CAO Li2
    2018, 38 (5):  569. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.018
    Abstract ( 1249 )   PDF (6748KB) ( 1337 )  
    &beta;-Propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN) is an X-linked hereditary disease causedWDR45 gene mutation with highly clinical heterogeneity and genetic heterogeneity. The disease has a two-phase clinical process, and clinical manifestations of childhood and adolescence or early adult stages are different. Main features are childhood development delay with seizures, and adolescence or early adult dystonia with Parkinsons syndrome and cognitive dysfunction, leading to severe disability. Childhood symptoms usually improve during adolescence and early adulthood. Imaging manifestations of pale globular and substantia nigra show anomalous iron deposits. This review summarized the clinical features and molecular genetics of BPAN.
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    Research progress in the risk factors and mechanisms of postoperative atrial fibrillation after lung cancer surgery
    DAI Wei, WANG Xiao-wen, HUANG Chun, XIANG Xiao-yong, JIANG Yin-jiu, WU Qing-chen
    2018, 38 (5):  573. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.019
    Abstract ( 1225 )   PDF (8391KB) ( 909 )  
    Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a frequent complication occurring in patients after lung cancer surgery. POAF is associated with an increased risk of mortality and morbidity, and increases the costs of the postoperative care. The underlying mechanisms involved in POAF development are multifactorial and for the moment far being fully elucidated. This review summarized recent clinical researches on the risk factors and mechanisms of POAF, the results of which may lead to a more effective strategy for the prevention of POAF after lung cancer surgery.
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    Recent advances in the antitumor effects of evodiamine
    XU Jun-jie1, YANG Ran1, YANG Fang-jing1, JIAO Xin1, LIU Ying-bin2
    2018, 38 (5):  578. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.020
    Abstract ( 1348 )   PDF (9612KB) ( 1168 )  
    Evodiamine is the natural component extracted Euodiae Fructus. Recently, growing evidence has proved that evodiamine has great effects on suppressing cell viability and proliferation, arresting cell cycle, inducing apoptosis, promoting autophagy, inhibiting the formation of microvascular angiogenesis as well as affecting epigenetic modification in cancer. Recent studies have continuously revealed related signal pathways involved in evodiamine such as PI3K-Akt and JAK-STAT pathways, as well as the impact of evodiamine on survivin, vascular endothelial growth factor and miRNAs. With the development and synthesis of evodiamine derivatives and related herbal formulations, the understanding of antitumor activity of evodiamine is gradually deepening. The important clinical significance and market value of evodiamine can be prospected.
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    Prognostic factors of surgery for idiopathic macular hole
    ZHU Xiu-yu, ZHAO Pei-quan
    2018, 38 (5):  584. 
    doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.05.021
    Abstract ( 1445 )   PDF (7693KB) ( 964 )  
    Idiopathic macular hole (IMH) refers to full thickness defects of retinal neuroepithelial layer in macular area without clear reasons, and par plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling (ILMP) has been routine operation to treat IMH. There are many possible factors influencing the prognosis of surgery, including age, sex, duration of disease, visual acuity before operation, stage and diameter of IMH, various MH index, surgical techniques, dyeing agent, vitreous tamponade, head position after operation, recoverment of ellipsoid zone, and so on. A comprehensive analysis of these prognostic factors could contribute to predict the patients&rsquo; recoverment and communicate better with patients. It could also help to exclude confounding factors when the new clinical trials were conducted. Furthermore, more prospective clinical trials are needed to obtain high quality evidence.
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