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28 July 2018, Volume 38 Issue 7 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Review for outstanding international article
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Review for outstanding international article

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Ubiquitin-like modification (SUMOylation) and genomic stability CHENG Jin-ke 2018, 38 (7):  719.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.001 Abstract ( 4847 )   PDF (3290KB) ( 1388 )   The mechanism of protein post-translational modifications in regulation of cell mitosis and genomic stability is always a hot issue in biological researches. The present review introduced the functional activity of de-SUMOylase SENP3 in sister chromatin dissociation at mitosis, and demonstrated a new molecular mechanism of cross-talk regulation between protein SUMOylation and phosphorylation in maintaining genomic stability. Related Articles | Metrics

Original article (Basic research)

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Effect of hyaluronic acid-gelatin double-network hydrogel on osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells CHEN Ming-jiao, FAN Xian-qun 2018, 38 (7):  722.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.002 Abstract ( 1032 )   PDF (11600KB) ( 999 )   Objective · To construct a natural polymers-based hydrogels with enhanced mechanical property through double network (DN) strategy under the premise of retaining the good biocompatibility of natural polymers, and then evaluate the beneficial effect of hydrogels on the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs). Methods · Methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HAMA) and methacrylated natural gelatin (GelMA) were synthesized through reaction of HA and Gel with methacrylic anhydride (MA), respectively. Thereafter, HA-Gel DN hydrogels were fabricated through two-step photo-crosslinking. The basic physicochemical properties of hydrogels were evaluatedscanning electron microscopy, swelling, compression and degradation analysis. Hydrogels were applied as substrate materials for rBMSCs culture in vitro. Cell viability, attachment, spreading and proliferation were assessedCCK-8 analysis and fluorescent staining analysis. The osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs was determinedquantitative PCR and Western blotting analysis. Results · In comparison to HA hydrogels and Gel hydrogels, HA-Gel DN hydrogels showed more suiphysicochemical properties, such as more suiwater absorption and water retention [(12.6± 0.7) fold, (10.3± 0.4) fold], stronger mechanical property [(43.7± 5.6) kPa] and slower degradation rate[(82.3±3.9)%for12weeks] for osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs. Experiment in vitro revealed that HA-Gel DN hydrogels had good biocompatibility, quantitative PCR revealed that it could promote the of osteogenic genes including Runx2, BSP, OPN, OCN, OSX and ALP. Western blotting revealed that the HA-Gel DN hydrogels also increased the levels of osteogenic proteins (OPN, OSX and BSP). Conclusion · HA-Gel DN hydrogels have good biocompatibility and promote the osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs, which provide a new experimental basis for DN hydrogels becoming the potential material for bone defects repair. Related Articles | Metrics

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SENP3-mediated de-SUMOylation of p53 inhibits its activity in human lung cancer cell lines DONG Rui1, WANG Ying1, WANG Yu-mei1, SUN Zu-jun1, 2, YI Jing1, YANG Jie1 2018, 38 (7):  732.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.003 Abstract ( 966 )   PDF (10015KB) ( 815 )   Objective · To explore the effect of de-SUMOylation of p53SENP3 on its transcriptional activity in lung cancer. Methods · Lung cancer cell lines A549 (p53 wild type) and H1299 (p53 ) were used. Wild type p53 as well as sumoless mutants K386R or E388A were introduced into the cells. Co-immunoprecipitation was performed to detect SUMOylation of p53 under resting status or oxidative stress. Immunofluorescence was applied to observe the localization of p53 WT and K386R or E388A. Dual luciferase reporter assay and quantitative real-time PCR of p21 were performed to monitor the transcriptional activity of p53 WT and K386R or E388A. Growth curve was analyzed to demonstrate the effect of p53 WT and K386R or E388A on cell proliferation. Results · SENP3 was able to mediate de-SUMOylation modification of p53 under oxidative stress. Similar to WT p53, K386R and E388A p53 kept nuclear localization. Further, SENP3 knockdown or oxidative stress did not induce translocation of p53 nucleus to cytoplasm. However, compared to WT, the transcriptional activation of K386R and E388A p53 were inhibited. Moreover, SENP3 inhibited the activity of p53 in A549. K386R and E388A p53 attenuated the inhibitive activity on cell proliferation in H1299. Conclusion · SENP3-mediated de-SUMOylation of p53 is one of mechanisms of its inactivation as tumor suppressor in lung cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Mechanism of TWEAK promoting macrophage-derived exosomal miR-7 to epithelial ovarian cancer cell through regulating Dicer QIU Xing-di, WU An-yue, LI Dong, HONG Zu-bei, GU li-ying, QIU Li-hua 2018, 38 (7):  740.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.004 Abstract ( 1011 )   PDF (6494KB) ( 791 )   Objective · To investigate the mechanism of tumor necrosis factor like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) promoting macrophage-derived exosomal miR-7 to epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Methods · The of Dicer was detectedreal-time PCR and Western blotting in TWEAK-stimulated macrophages. The of miR-7 was detectedreal-time PCR in the macrophage and macrophage-derived exosome after silencing Dicer in macrophage. While in Dicer-overexpressing macrophage, real-time PCR was used to detect the of miR-7. Then TWEAK was used to stimulate the macrophage, and the of miR-7 in the macrophage and macrophage-derived exosome was detectedreal-time PCR. The of key proteins in the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway was detectedWestern blotting in TWEAK-stimulated macrophage. After pretreatment of NF-κB inhibitor, Western blotting was used to detect the of Dicer and key proteins in the NF-κB pathway in TWEAK-stimulated macrophage. Results · The of Dicer in macrophage was down-regulated after TWEAK stimulating. The of miR-7 was up-regulated in Dicer-silencing macrophage and macrophage-derived exosome. While the of miR-7 was down-regulated in the macrophage and the macrophage-derived exosome in Dicer-overexpressing macrophage after TWEAK stimulating. The of key proteins in the NF-κB pathway in macrophage was also up-regulated after TWEAK stimulating. After inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway, the of Dicer was not significantly changed in TWEAK-stimulated macrophage compared to the control group. Conclusion · TWEAK can active NF-κB pathway and inhibit the of Dicer to promote macrophage-derived exosomal miR-7 to EOC cells. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of estrogen on proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation of bone marrow macrophage ZHAO Jing-yu, HUANG Ming-jian, ZHANG Xiao-ling 2018, 38 (7):  745.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.005 Abstract ( 1007 )   PDF (9539KB) ( 799 )   Objective · To investigate the effects of estrogen on proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation of bone marrow macrophage (BMM) and the mechanism. Methods · BMMs were isolated normal C57BL/6J mice and induced to differentiate to osteoclasts in vitro. BMMs in experimental group were administered with 10-8 mol/L exogenous estrogen and antagonist group with both estrogen and 1 μmol/L ICI-182780, an antagonist of estrogen receptor, and control group was designed as well. Five 12-week-old C57BL/6J mice underwent ovariectomy (OVX group) and sham group (n5) underwent sham surgery. All mice were sacrificed after 3 months to isolate BMM. Proliferation ability of BMM was assessed using Prestoblue, TUNEL assay was performed to detect apoptosis in each group. Caspase 3 and caspase 8 were detectedWestern blotting. Quantitative real time PCR was used to detect tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (Trap) and cathepsin K (Ctsk) mRNA levels during osteoclastogenesis. TRAP staining of osteoclasts showed osteoclastogenesis ability. In addition, the downstream moleculars activatedreceptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) in BMM were detectedWestern blotting. Results · BMM multiplication ability was attenuated in experiment group compared with control group and it was stronger in OVX group than that in sham group. TUNEL assay showed that the apoptotic BMM in experimental group were more than those in control group and caspase 3 and caspase 8 were consisted with the results of TUNEL assay. PCR analysis showed that Trap and Ctsk mRNA levels significantly decreased in experiment group compared with control group. The mRNAs increased in OVX group in contrast to sham group. TRAP staining of osteoclasts and quantitative analysis showed that osteoclasts in experiment group were less than those in control group and osteoclasts in OVX group were more than those in sham group. The effects of estrogen on proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation of BMM were blockedantagonist of estrogen receptor. Western blotting showed that the phosphorylation of IκKα/β, p65and JNK activatedRANKL were attenuated in experimental group compared with that in control group. Conclusion · Estrogen inhibits proliferation and osteoclastogenesis of BMM, and aggravates their apoptosis through estrogen receptor. Related Articles | Metrics

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Intrauterine high-nutrition induced immunoreaction abnormality in monocytes and nature killer cells in offspring LIN Hui*, CHEN Xi*, LIU Xin-mei, HUANG He-feng 2018, 38 (7):  753.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.006 Abstract ( 885 )   PDF (6648KB) ( 709 )   Objective · To explore the effect of intrauterine high-nutrition on cytokine in umbilical cord blood-derived monocytes and nature killer (NK) cells. Methods · Samples of umbilical cord blood were collected macrosomia (n10) and infants with normal birthweight (n18). Monocytes and NK cells were obtainedmagnetic sorting. Purified monocytes were stimulatedlipopolysaccharide (LPS), while purified NK cells were stimulatedphorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin (ION). The of cytokines was detectedreal-time PCR and ELISA. Results · There was no significant difference in cytokine in the monocytes treated with PBS between macrosomia and infants with normal birthweight. However, dampened responses following LPS stimulation were observed in macrosomia group, including the mRNA and protein of IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-10 and CCL5. Moreover, mRNA and protein of TNF-α were significantly higher in NK cells macrosomia group, while no significant difference in IFN-γ was found. Conclusion · Intrauterine high-nutrition might result in dampened response in monocytes following LPS stimulation and exaggerated of TNF-α in NK cells. Related Articles | Metrics

Original article (Clinical research)

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Expression of T helper cell 17-related immune factors in women of child bearing age with human papillomavirus subclinical cervical infection HONG Zu-bei, JI Wen-ting, QIU Li-hua, DI Wen, LOU Wei-hua 2018, 38 (7):  759.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.007 Abstract ( 861 )   PDF (6355KB) ( 774 )   Objective · To investigate the change of immune microenviroment in the lower genital tract of women who had early papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Methods · One hundred and twenty women infected with high-risk HPV were enrolled in the study, who were at the age of 25–46, with no cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN Ⅰ – Ⅲ ) or cervical carcinoma. Twenty HPV-negative women were used as control, who did not have abnormal cervical squamous epithelial lesions screenedThinPrep cytologic test. Vagina douche was collected, and the ofThelpercell17 (Th17)-related cytokines and interleukin 10 (IL-10)/IL-4 was testedsuspension micro phase protein chip technology. Results · The of IL-17, IL-6, TGF-β and IL-4 in HPV-positive patients was significantly higher than that in HPV-negative patients. The of IL-4 and IL-10 in HPV16/18-positive patients was significantly lower than that in patients infected with other HPV types. The of IL-17, IL-6 and TGF-β in patients with persistent HPV infection was insignificantly higher than that in patients with temporary HPV infection, while the of IL-17, IL-6 and TGF-β in patients with persistent HPV infection was significantly higher than that in HPV-negative patients. Conclusion · HPV infection can stimulate the bodys immune response and change the local immune microenvironment in early stage. Th17 related cytokines are closely related to the persistent HPV infection. Maybe it can provide a new direction on the guidance of HPV treatment and prevention of persistent HPV infection. Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation between the levels of serum thyroid hormones and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in euthyroid type 2 diabetic patients ZHU Fan-fan, YANG Li-zhen 2018, 38 (7):  763.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.008 Abstract ( 944 )   PDF (8393KB) ( 611 )   Objective · To investigate the correlation between the levels of serum thyroid hormones or free triiodothyronine/free thyroxine（FT3/FT4） ratio and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in euthyroid patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods · The consecutive medical records of inpatients with T2DM were collected at the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Shanghai Ninth Peoples Hospital February 2016 to July 2017. Totally 256 euthyroid T2DM patients were enrolled after excluding subjects with thyroid dysfunction, other liver diseases and excess alcohol consumption. The diagnosis of NAFLD was based on abdominal ultrasonography. Patients were divided into T2DM with NAFLD group (92 cases) and without NAFLD group (164 cases). Matching function in R language was performed for 1:1 match (age, sex and body mass index) between two groups. Multiple linear regression and Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the correlation between the levels of thyroid hormones or FT3/ FT4 ratio and NAFLD. Results · There were 92 subjects in each group after matching data. The results indicated that levels of FT3, total triiodothyronine (TT3) and FT3/FT4 ratio in T2DM with NAFLD group were higher than those of T2DM without NAFLD group as well as total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) (all P<0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that FT3 level and FT3/FT4 ratio were linearly positive with GPT and GOT levels, respectively (both P<0.05). TT3 was linearly positive with GPT, GOT and γ-GT levels. Logistic regression analysis showed that FT3 was independently associated with NAFLD inT2DM patients (P0.018). Furthermore, the ROC curve analysis verified the accuracy ofFT3/FT4 ratio for predicting NAFLD in T2DM patients (P0.005). Conclusion · In euthyroid T2DM patients, FT3 level and FT3/FT4 ratio positively correlate with NAFLD. Meanwhile, FT3/FT4 ratio might be useful for predicting NAFLD. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation levels in peripheral blood of elderly patients with myocardial infarction and the degree of coronary atherosclerosis HU Chun-xiao, JIANG Dan, WU Shi-yong, GAO Lei, CHANG Guang-lei, TAO Hong-mei, ZHANG Dong-ying 2018, 38 (7):  769.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.009 Abstract ( 947 )   PDF (6856KB) ( 574 )   Objective · To investigate the relationship between the levels of global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in peripheral blood of elderly patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and the degree of coronary atherosclerosis. Methods · Forty-three elderly patients with MI were enrolled as the study group and 53 elderly patients with negative findings in coronary angiograms during the same period were collected as the control group. Peripheral blood samples were collected. The levels of global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in peripheral blood and the concentration of plasma TET2 were detectedELISA. TET2 mRNA was determinedreal-time qPCR. Results · Compared with the control group, the levels of global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in peripheral blood of elderly patients with MI were significantly increased (P0.014, P0.000). The concentration of plasma TET2 and its mRNA in patients with MI were significantly higher than those in the control group (P0.004, P0.028).The levels of global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in MI group were significantly correlated with the degree of coronary atherosclerosis (r0.262, P0.017; r0.360, P0.001). Conclusion · The levels of global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in peripheral blood of elderly patients with MI are significantly increased, which are significantly correlated with the degree of coronary atherosclerosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Influencing factors for quality of life in patients over 12 months after diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer HE Ya-ping1, LOU Wei-qun2, CHEN Jie-ling2, ZHOU Zhen3, ZHU Jing-fen1, JIAN Hong3 2018, 38 (7):  775.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.010 Abstract ( 1111 )   PDF (8198KB) ( 750 )   Objective · To examine quality of life and its influencing factors in patients over 12 months after diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods · A total of 111 patients included in the study completed the self-reported measures. Quality of life was measured using Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Lung. Other measures included socio-demographic characteristics, disease- and treatment-related information, and emotional feelings. Results · The factors influencing the quality of life of NSCLC patients were investigated two approaches: treatment and subjective feeling. Univariate Logistic regression analysis found the risk factors for low quality of life included sense of low self-esteem and loneliness, bone metastasis, pathological type, chemotherapy cycle, age, cohabitant type and financial burden. Conclusion · The factors associated with quality of life in lung cancer patients are diverse and extensive, and it warrants attention on psychological support and symptom management for these patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and advantages of sutureless technique via argon beam coagulator in partial nephrectomy for renal tumors LI Wen-zhi, LI Long, YU Guo-peng, WANG Zhong, XU Bin 2018, 38 (7):  781.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.011 Abstract ( 979 )   PDF (4318KB) ( 740 )   Objective · To explore the safety and feasibility of using sutureless technique of argon beam coagulator in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Methods · A total of 10 patients receiving laparoscopic partial nephrectomy with argon beam coagulator in Shanghai Ninth Peoples Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine October 2016 to October 2017 were selected. The clinical efficacy and safety of the operation was retrospectively analyzed. Results · The average age of the 10 patients was 50.4 (24.0-73.0)years, the average size of the tumor was 2.1 (1.5-2.5)cm, and the average RENAL score was 5. All of the 10 patients underwent intraoperative renal artery occlusion. Intraoperative scissors were used to completely remove the tumor and remove the tumor bed after the resection. Then the argon beam coagulator was repeatedly used for hemostasis. After hemostasis was completed, the hemostatic gauze was covered on the surface of the tumor bed. The mean operation time was 95.0 (60.0-108.0) min, and the average thermal ischemia time of the renal artery occlusion was 7.8 (5.5-10.0) min. The average blood loss was 86 (50-150) mL during the operation. The average decrease of hemoglobin was 11.8 (3.0-22.0) g/L on the first day after operation. The mean indwelling catheterization time was 2.7 (1.5-3.5)d, the average time of hospitalization was 5.2 (4.0-7.0) d, the extraction time of drainage tube after operation was 2.6(1.0-4.0) d, and the flow rate was 38.5 (10.0-80.0) mL. Conclusion · Argon knifes pray coagulation has good efficacy and safety in patients with renal tumor renal resection, especially for some exophytic renal tumors, which has short operation time, less damage of hot ischemia, good postoperative effect, no increase in hospitalization time after surgery, reduced economic burden of the patients, being worthy of popularization and application. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil in patient-controlled intravenous analgesia of puerperae with severe preeclampsia after cesarean section GU Yan1, CAI Meng1, SONG Yun1, PU Cai-xiu2 2018, 38 (7):  784.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.012 Abstract ( 878 )   PDF (5604KB) ( 565 )   Objective · To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil in patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) of puerperae with severe preeclampsia after cesarean section. Methods · A total of 250 puerperae with severe preeclampsia who prepared to be treatedcesarean section were divided into observation group and control groupthe random number method with 125 cases in each group. They were given PCIA after operation. The PCIA formula for the observation group was dexmedetomidine combined sufentanil while that for the control group was sufentanil alone. The heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were compared between the two groups at different time points. Scores of visual analogue scale (VAS) and Ramsay sedation scale (RSS), the dosage of sufentanil and adverse drug reactions in both groups were recorded at 4, 8 and 24 hours after operation. Results · The HR and MAP of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group at 4, 8 and 24 hours after operation (all P<0.05). VAS scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group while RSS scores were significantly higher than those in the control group. The dosage of sufentanil was significantly less than that in the control group at 4, 8 and 24 hours after operation (all P<0.05). The incidence rates of nausea and vomiting in the observation group (12.80% and 7.20%) were significantly lower than those in the control group (32.00% and 16.00%) (all P<0.05). Conclusion · Compared with sufentanil alone, dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil not only can significantly enhance the analgesic and sedative effects, but also can significantly reduce the dosage of sufentanil, and reduce adverse drug reactions in PCIA of puerperae with severe preeclampsia after cesarean section. Related Articles | Metrics

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Global levels of lysine crotonylation in prostate cancer and its correlation with clinical stages and pathologic grades LIU Li-jie1, HONG Xi1, HUANG Xian-yu3, LUO Jing3, YU Jian-jun1, 2 2018, 38 (7):  788.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.013 Abstract ( 917 )   PDF (6437KB) ( 670 )   Objective · To study whether lysine crotonylation can be used as a candidate biomarker for prostate cancer diagnosis, and its correlation with clinical stages and pathologic grades. Methods · Seventy-three cases of tumor and 7 normal prostate tissues were included in the study. The global levels of lysine crotonylation and histone H4 acetylation were detected in each sampleimmunohistochemistry. Statistical comparison and correlation analysis were performed. Results · Compared with normal prostate tissue, the global level of lysine crotonylation was significantly reduced in prostate cancer tissue (P0.001), while histone H4 acetylation levels were close to each other in two groups (P0.704). No statistical difference in the levels of lysine crotonylation or histone H4 acetylation were found in different clinical stages and pathologic grades (P>0.05).There was no correlation between histone H4 acetylation and clinicalstagesorpathologicgradesofprostatecancer.Therewasapositivecorrelationbetweenlysinecrotonylationandthegradingofprostatecancer(r0.493, P0.000). Conclusion · Compared to histone H4 acetylation, lysine crotonylation is a better candidate biomarker to diagnose prostate cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical value and research advances of ultra-wide-field imaging in diabetic retinopathy SHEN Hang-qi, XU Xun 2018, 38 (7):  793.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.014 Abstract ( 1068 )   PDF (7410KB) ( 624 )   Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of visual impairment among adults worldwide. As a novel fundus imaging technology in recent years, ultra-wide-field imaging can capture approximately 80% of the retina surface with the advantages of wide image, easier operation, more rapid acquisition, no pupil dilation and high resolution. It is useful in identifying latent peripheral lesions and improving positive detection rate of DR. It will assess the pathogenesis of periphery retina in DR comprehensively, promote development of classification and laser photocoagulation, reduce the incidence of neovascular glaucoma, and play an important role in restraining pathological development. This article presented a review on the clinical value and research advances of ultra-wide-field imaging inDR. Related Articles | Metrics

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Mechanism of differences in prolactin levels in patients with schizophrenia after antipsychotics treatment LI Yan-ge1, YU Wen-juan1, SHEN Yi-feng1, LI Hua-fang2, 3 2018, 38 (7):  797.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.015 Abstract ( 931 )   PDF (6415KB) ( 700 )   Antipsychotics have been the mainstay of schizophrenia treatment, but the frequency of adverse reactions (ARs) related with antipsychotics usage is high. Of all the ARs, hyperprolactinemia is relatively common and the controversy over it remains ongoing, as different patients manifest different prolactin levels and different clinical syndromes. Into understand this heterogeneity, this review stated the mechanisms underlying the different prolactin levels in schizophrenia patients after antipsychotics treatment, including the ability to block dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2), the influence on blood-brain barrier permeability, varying affinity toDRD2, the inhibition/excitatory effect on DRD2andgeneticpolymorphisms. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in 5-HT2C receptor as a therapeutic target for treatment of schizophrenia WANG Ye-wei, ZHANG Chen 2018, 38 (7):  801.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.016 Abstract ( 1726 )   PDF (6682KB) ( 799 )   With an increasing number of reports on side effects including antipsychotic induced weight gain and cardiovascular risks, interest of the researchers has been transferred to a new target for the treatment of schizophrenia—serotonin 2C receptor (5-HT2C receptor). On one hand, activation on 5-HT2C receptors can lead to decrease of dopamine in the nigrostriatum, which presents its potential antipsychotic effect; on the other hand, the second-generation of antipsychotics’ antagonism on the 5-HT2C receptors is an important factor of patients weight gain. Conversely, agonism on the 5-HT2C receptors may result in weight loss efficacy. This paper introduced the potential therapeutical effect of 5-HT2C receptor on schizophrenia and the relation between the receptor and correlated weight gain. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advance in full-functional software of metabolomics LIANG Dan-dan, LI Yi-tao, ZHENG Xiao-jiao, CHEN Tian-lu 2018, 38 (7):  805.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.017 Abstract ( 1150 )   PDF (8081KB) ( 1060 )   Data processing and analysis has presented major bottlenecks in high-throughput metabolomics research. Bioinformatics tools emerged for performing these high-throughput datasets. These tools can preprocess complex high-dimensional datasets, detect and annotate metabolites, perform various statistical analysis and results interpretation. According to the workflow and methods of metabolomics data processing and analysis, this paper summarized some integral metabolomics softwares and compared the merit and demerit of four typical tools so that it can provide users with a reference guide to softwares. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on role of exosomes in acute kidney injury LIAO Wei-tang1, ZHANG Wen2 2018, 38 (7):  811.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.018 Abstract ( 1197 )   PDF (6127KB) ( 912 )   Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with plasma membrane. They are produced intracellularly and then secreted out of the cells. Almost all types of cells in human bodies can produce and excrete exosomes. Exosomes carry a variety of signal proteins, mRNA, miRNA, lncRNA and their degradation fragments. Due to the protection of lipid membrane, these components have biological activity and get involved in the process of cell migration, apoptosis and proliferation, and can modulate the function of the recipient cells. As an important cell-cell signal carrier, exosomes are involved in the development of many kidney diseases. This article reviewed the biological characteristics of exosomes and their roles in acute kidney injury. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on role of miR-195 in schizophrenia BAO Chen-xi, Lü Qin-yu, YI Zheng-hui 2018, 38 (7):  815.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.019 Abstract ( 1002 )   PDF (6089KB) ( 820 )   Schizophrenia is a serious mental health illness with unknown etiology, high prevalence, high morbidity and heavy social burden. Some RNAs with regulatory functions may be involved in pathogenesis of many complex diseases, including schizophrenia. miRNAs are non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene . Differential miRNA has been found in the brain and peripheral blood of patients with schizophrenia. miR-195 is an important member of the miR-15/16/195/497 family. Previous studies have implicated that miR-195 may be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia due to its differential . This review aimed to clarify the function of miR-195 and summarized the recent researches of miR-195 in schizophrenia. Related Articles | Metrics

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Role of receptor tyrosine kinase AXL in tumor drug resistance ZHANG Yi-peng1, HUANG Hua-yan1, YANG Yi-jie1, XU Dong-dong1, ZHANG Ke-ren1, 2, ZHU Liang1, 2, 3 2018, 38 (7):  819.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.020 Abstract ( 2145 )   PDF (9699KB) ( 883 )   AXL is a member of TAM (TYRO3-AXL-MER) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, which is overexpressed in many cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer and ovarian cancer. It can mediate the occurrence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and plays an important role in tumor drug resistance. In addition, AXL can also mediate the occurrence of targeted agents resistanceregulating the signaling pathway and influencing tumor microenviroment. As a result, AXL is an attractive candidate not only as a prognostic indicator in malignancy but also as a target for anti-cancer therapy. Several multi-target small molecule inhibitors against AXL have been approved, and varieties of inhibitors with higher specificity are in clinical or preclinical studies. This article focused on the role of AXL in tumor drug resistance and summarized the research profiles of different small molecule inhibitors against AXL to provide new ideas for anti-tumor research and therapy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor and their roles in diseases HUANG Min, XU Tao, JIANG Wei 2018, 38 (7):  825.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.021 Abstract ( 1079 )   PDF (6269KB) ( 875 )   Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) and N-methyl-D-aspartatereceptor (NMDAR) belongs to metabotropicandionotropic glutamate receptor family, respectively. In recent years, a lot of attention has been paid to these two types of glutamate receptors in the field of neuroscience and psychiatry. This article mainly summarized the research progress of the relationship between these two kinds of receptors and the influence of their relationship on different diseases. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress in diagnosis of eye diseases using optical coherence tomography angiography YU Lan-zhu, SHEN Xi 2018, 38 (7):  829.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.022 Abstract ( 1084 )   PDF (9946KB) ( 742 )   Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been developing continuously since its first application in clinical practice in the 1990s. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is becoming progressively popular, as it can provide real-time blood flow parameterdetecting active red blood cells in capillaries without using a contrast agent. OCTA plays an important role in diagnosing eye diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, retinal vessel occlusion, inflammatory eye disease, thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy, etc. This article reviewed the of OCTA in auxiliary diagnosis of eye diseases. Related Articles | Metrics

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Roles of TRIM28 in tumorigenesis and embryogenesis LIU Ye, WANG Yin-yu, XU Jing-jing, HUANG He-feng 2018, 38 (7):  835.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.023 Abstract ( 2402 )   PDF (10185KB) ( 1042 )   TRIM28, known as a kind of macro-molecules, consists of multiple domains and belongs to one of human tripartite motif-containing proteins families. This superfamily contains more than 60 proteins in total and is characterizedfour conservative domains, also referred to the RBCC domain, which is a RING (really interesting new gene) finger, two B-boxes (type 1 and type 2) and a leucine zipper coiled-coil region. TRIM28 plays its pivotal roles in transcriptional co-activation or co-repressioninteracting directly with transcription factors, within which is a Kruppel-associated box domain (KRAB domain). Moreover, itis critical during the development of embryos, thedifferentiation of cells and the regulation of cancers. Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficacy evaluation of laparoscopic-assisted Soave radical operation in the treatment of children with congenital megacolon DONG Qi, SUN Wei-zeng, WANG Yu-yun, ZHANG Jing 2018, 38 (7):  841.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.024 Abstract ( 946 )   PDF (5473KB) ( 850 )   Objective · To evaluate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic-assisted Soave radical operation in the treatment of children with congenital megacolon. Methods · The clinical datum of 148 pediatric patients with congenital megacolon who had underwent laparoscopic-assisted Soave radical operation in Hainan General Hospital Mar. 2012 to Sept. 2015 were collected. Operation time, blood volume lost during the operation, complication incidence during the hospitalization and follow-up period were analyzed, retrospectively. Results · All 148 patients were finished the surgery successfully. Operation time was (121.66±22.98) min, blood volume lost during the operation was (4.86±0.66) mL. During the hospitalization, the incidence of complications was 8.10%. There were no short-term complications observed on abdominal bleeding and anastomotic leakage. The patients were followed up for 24 months, there was one patient with anastomotic stoma stenosis at the 6 months after the operation, who recovered after the treatment of anal dilation. All the pediatric patients′ stool were mushy within 3 months after the operation, and they recovered to normal at the 6-12 months. The excellent rate of defecation function was 97.97%. There were no symptoms of bloated abdomen and astriction for all the patients during the follow-up period. Conclusion · Laparoscopic-assisted Soave radical operation is effective and safe for the treatment of children with congenital megacolon, with few complications, quick recovery, good short-term and long-term clinical effect. Related Articles | Metrics

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Condition optimization of the flow cytometry MoFlo Astrios EQ on single-cell sorting in 96-well plate ZHANG Xiao-cui, FU Rong, ZHAO Ben-peng 2018, 38 (7):  845.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.07.025 Abstract ( 1390 )   PDF (7659KB) ( 849 )   Objective · To optimize the method of the flow cytometry MoFlo Astrios EQ on single-cell sorting in 96-well plate. Methods · Using different aperture nozzles and sorting ways, the 32D, U937, iBMDM and 293T cells were used for single-cell sorting after the precise adjustment of the instrument and various parameters. The hole numbers with single cell and single-cell clones were detected after sorting. Results · In the single-cell sorting mode, the hole numbers with single cell were 83-9170 μm nozzle and 87-93100 μm nozzle. After 7-10 days of culture, the hole numbers with single-cell clones were 36-5870 μm nozzle. In 100μmnozzle, the hole numbers with single-cell clones were53-78electrostatic charge sorting and 69-81straight-down sorting, respectively. Conclusion · In single-cell sorting, a better cell viability and higher cloning rate are observed in 100 μm nozzle and straight-down sorting. Related Articles | Metrics