上海交通大学学报(医学版) ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10): 1378-1383.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2021.10.017

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

超级增强子驱动致癌转录机制的研究进展

顾鹏(), 孙星()   

  1. 上海交通大学附属第一人民医院普外科,上海 201620
  • 出版日期:2021-10-28 发布日期:2021-09-22
  • 通讯作者: 孙星 E-mail:tracypan@sjtu.edu.cn;xingsun@hotmail.com
  • 作者简介:顾 鹏(1997—),男,硕士生;电子信箱:tracypan@sjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81270556);上海市自然科学基金(19ZR1441300)

Research advances in mechanisms of super-enhancers-driven oncogenesis

Peng GU(), Xing SUN()   

  1. Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Online:2021-10-28 Published:2021-09-22
  • Contact: Xing SUN E-mail:tracypan@sjtu.edu.cn;xingsun@hotmail.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(81270556);Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(19ZR1441300)

摘要:

转录失调是肿瘤发生的核心机制之一。近年来“超级增强子(super-enhancers,SEs)”一词被用来描述基因组中一个极度活跃的转录调节区域。SEs包含一系列复杂的序列成分,对于维持肿瘤细胞功能并促进致癌转录至关重要。SEs富含高密度的转录因子、辅因子及组蛋白修饰标志等。SEs这些组分可协同作用,使其具有比普通增强子更高的转录活性。该文阐述SEs的基本结构与功能、相分离凝集体的形成,探讨SEs驱动致癌转录的机制及拓扑相关结构域的形成及意义。

关键词: 超级增强子, 转录调控, 癌症, 相分离凝集体, 拓扑相关结构域

Abstract:

Transcriptional dysregulation is one of the core mechanisms of tumorigenesis. Recently, the term "super-enhancer" has been introduced to describe a hyperactive regulatory domain which comprises a complex array of sequence elements that are critical to maintain the identity of tumor cells and promot oncogenic transcription. Super-enhancers are highly occupied by transcriptional factors, co-activators and histone modifications. Cooperative interactions amongst these components make super-enhancers have higher transcriptional activity than typical enhancers. This article reviews basic structural and functional characteristics of super-enhancers, formation of the phase-separated condensates, the mechanisms of super-enhancer-driven oncogenesis, and the formation and significance of topologically associating domains.

Key words: super-enhancers (SEs), transcriptional regulation, cancer, phase-separated condensate, topologically associating domain

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