目的调查中学生抑郁障碍现状，分析抑郁障碍产生的影响因素。方法采用自编人口学资料、长处与困难问卷（SDQ）和Kutcher青少年抑郁量表（KADS）作为调查问卷，选取同时满足SDQ总的困难维度和KADS总分划界分以上的学生进行简明儿童少年国际神经精神（MINI-KID）访谈。结果参与调查的学生为7 978名，男生的KADS得分高于女生（P<0.01）；KADS总分随年级的升高而增长，初一分数最低，高二分数最高（P<0.01）。Logistic回归分析发现，抑郁障碍危险因素为年龄较大、母亲生育年龄较大、自我价值感过高、情绪问题较多、注意力不集中和同伴关系较差等。结论男生抑郁症状较女生更重；随年级升高，抑郁症状也在加重；抑郁障碍影响因素为年龄、母亲生育年龄、自我价值感、情绪问题、注意力不集中和同伴关系。

ObjectiveTo investigate the depressive disorder of middle school students and find out factors influencing the incidence of depressive disorder.MethodsA self-designed demographic questionnaire, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and Kutcher adolescent depression scale (KADS) were used. Children who reached the total difficulty score of SDQ and the delimitation score of KADS were selected and the mini international neuropsychiatric interview for children and adolescents (MINI-KID) was performed.ResultsA total of 7 978 students were enrolled. KADS scores of boys were higher than those of girls (P<0.01). The total score of KADS increased with the grade. The total score of KADS of grade 2 students in senior high school was the highest and that of grade 1 students in junior high school was the lowest (P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of depressive disorder were old age, old maternal childbearing age, high self-value, more emotional problems, scatterbrain, and poor relationship with peers.ConclusionDepressive symptoms of boys are severer than those of girls and aggravate with the grade. The influencing factors of depressive disorder are age, maternal childbearing age, self-value, emotional problems, scatterbrain, and relationship with peers.