Objective To investigate the effects of synthesis intervention based on Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuro-psychological Status (RBANS) on the cognitive function of patients with schizophrenia. Methods A total of 128 patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into synthesis intervention group (n=68) and control group (n=60), and the cognitive function of patients was assessed with RBANS during the follow up before intervention, at the end of intervention, 6 months after intervention and 12 months after intervention. Results Six months after intervention, the delayed memory score in synthesis intervention group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). Twelve months after intervention, the total RBANS score, immediate memory score, visuospatial/constructional score and delayed memory score in synthesis intervention group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The changes of total RBANS score were correlated with age and total disease course of patients in synthesis intervention group (P<0.05). Conclusion Synthesis intervention based on RBANS can effectively improve the cognitive function of patients with schizophrenia.