As front line immune cells, macrophages (predominant microgial cells in the brain) have great plasticity. Macrophages relevant to tumor (microgial cells/macrophages) have double effects on the occurrence and development of glioma, i.e. promoting the development and invasion of the tumor in glioma microenvironment under the regulation of cytokines secreted by glioma or killing tumor cells under the influence of human. Microgial cells/macrophages can cross the blood-brain barrier; change the glioma microenvironment; and inhibit the development and invasion of glioma. It is a new way for the treatment of malignant glioma.