Pelvic inflammatory disease is one of the most common infections in women of childbearing age, and its pathogenesis is not clear. Into explore its pathological pathogenesis and find prevention and treatment measures, it is necessary to establish an animal model similar to human pelvic inflammatory disease. Considering the biological characteristics, availability, safety, repeatability and economy of experimental animals, rats are the most suifor pelvic inflammation model animals. According to the inducing factors of pelvic inflammation, the rat models of pelvic inflammation can be divided into biological modeling, physical modeling, chemical modeling and so on. According to the experimental purpose, experimental cycle, experimental technology and other factors, the selection of appropriate model animals and modeling methods is the key to success. In this paper, the pathogenesis, drug dose, modeling time, applicable scope, advantages and disadvantages of rodent pelvic inflammation animal model are reviewed into provide a reference for the selection of rodent pelvic inflammatory disease model.