%A Peng GU, Xing SUN %T Research advances in mechanisms of super-enhancers-driven oncogenesis %0 Journal Article %D 2021 %J Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science) %R 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2021.10.017 %P 1378-1383 %V 41 %N 10 %U {https://xuebao.shsmu.edu.cn/CN/abstract/article_13219.shtml} %8 2021-10-28 %X

Transcriptional dysregulation is one of the core mechanisms of tumorigenesis. Recently, the term "super-enhancer" has been introduced to describe a hyperactive regulatory domain which comprises a complex array of sequence elements that are critical to maintain the identity of tumor cells and promot oncogenic transcription. Super-enhancers are highly occupied by transcriptional factors, co-activators and histone modifications. Cooperative interactions amongst these components make super-enhancers have higher transcriptional activity than typical enhancers. This article reviews basic structural and functional characteristics of super-enhancers, formation of the phase-separated condensates, the mechanisms of super-enhancer-driven oncogenesis, and the formation and significance of topologically associating domains.