生命早期环境因素暴露与儿童哮喘关系的病例对照研究
邓云天, 熊文魁, 朱芮, 刘恩梅, 李雪梅, 钟朝晖

A case-control study of the relationship between early-life environmental exposure and childhood asthma
DENG Yuntian, XIONG Wenkui, ZHU Rui, LIU Enmei, LI Xuemei, ZHONG Zhaohui
表 1 哮喘组和对照组的一般资料比较
Tab 1 Comparison of general data between the asthma group and the control group
ItemAsthma (n=220)Control (n=636)χ2/t valueP value
Age7.4±2.17.6±2.11.2990.194
Gender/n (%)0.2160.642
Male114 (51.8)318 (50.0)
Female106 (48.2)318 (50.0)
Gestational age/n (%)0.5200.771
<37 weeks8 (3.6)23 (3.6)
≥37 weeks and ≤42 weeks210 (95.5)603 (94.8)
>42 weeks2 (0.9)10 (1.6)
Birth weight/n (%)5.8960.117
<1 500 g2 (0.9)7 (1.1)
≥1 500 g and <2 500 g24 (10.9)53 (8.3)
≥2 500 g and <4 000 g185 (84.1)521 (81.9)
≥4 000 g9 (4.1)55 (8.6)
Delivery mode/n (%)0.1000.951
Vaginal delivery91 (41.4)265 (41.7)
Assisted delivery3 (1.4)7 (1.1)
Caesarean delivery126 (57.3)364 (57.2)
Family size/n (%)4.3390.114
2‒3 people105 (47.7)254 (39.9)
4‒5 people97 (44.1)314 (49.4)
≥6 people18 (8.2)68 (10.7)
Maternal education level/n (%)4.5800.205
≤9 years14 (6.4)33 (5.2)
10‒12 years28 (12.7)66 (10.4)
13‒16 years165 (75.0)472 (74.2)
≥17 years13 (5.9)65 (10.2)
Household annual income/n (%)8.2180.084
<100 000 yuan36 (16.4)98 (15.4)
≥100 000 yuan and <150 000 yuan47 (21.4)116 (18.2)
≥150 000 yuan and <200 000 yuan50 (22.7)130 (20.4)
≥200 000 yuan and <400 000 yuan62 (28.2)166 (26.1)
≥400 000 yuan25 (11.4)126 (19.8)
Living space per person/n (%)3.7940.285
<10 m26 (2.7)10 (1.6)
≥10 m2 and <20 m238 (17.3)84 (13.2)
≥20 m2 and <40 m269 (31.4)223 (35.1)
≥40 m2107 (48.6)319 (50.2)