干细胞修复感觉神经损伤的研究进展
陈惠东, 张云龙, 张志坚, 华清泉

Advances in stem cell therapy for sensory nerve injury
CHEN Huidong, ZHANG Yunlong, ZHANG Zhijian, HUA Qingquan
表1 干细胞治疗在各类感觉神经损伤中的应用
Tab 1 Application of stem cell therapy in variety kinds of sensory nerve injury
ModelTypeRouteEffectMechanismReference
Clamp injury in Lister hooded ratsUC-MSCsVitreous injectionThe survival rate of RGC and the number of new axons and synapses were significantly increasedFactors that promote the survival or growth of target cells directly secreted or delivered through exocrine bodies[6]
Crushing injury in SD ratsDPSCs/BMSCsVitreous injectionBoth could promote the survival of RGC and the formation of neurite, with better effects on dental pulp stem cellsNeurotrophic effect of factors secreted by stem cells represented by NGF/BDNF/NT3[7]
Unilateral olfactory nerve transection in SD ratsADSCsCaudal vein injectionThe expression of OMP and the number of PCNA positive cells increased significantlySecretion of neurotrophin and differentiation into olfactory neurons and olfactory epithelial cells affect the regeneration of olfactory epithelium[18]
Olfactory epithelium injury induced by methimazole in miceBMSCs/G-CSFCaudal vein injection/hypodermic injectionThere was a significant difference in survival rate of bone marrow cells implanted with G-CSF at different timeG-CSF mobilizes BMSCs from bone marrow to circulation and protects nerves by inhibiting neuronal apoptosis[21]
Ten-mm defect of sciatic nerve in Wistar ratsADSCsNerve conduit transplantationElectrophysiological examination showed a significant recovery of sensory and motor function, and histological analysis showed that myelin reformation and axon growth were better than the control sideADSCs secrete neurotrophin, which can promote the synthesis and correct localization of ECM in regenerated nerve tissue, and increase the chemotactic attraction of growth cone[34]
Five-mm defect of left sciatic nerve in C57BL6 miceiPSCsNerve conduit transplantationThe recovery of sensory and motor function in the iPSC group was significantly better than the control group, and histology suggested that myelin sheath and axon regeneration were significantly enhancediPSCs-derived neurospheres differentiate into Schwann cells, form myelin sheath or release nerve growth factor to promote axonal growth[35]