巨噬细胞M1/M2型极化在不同肝病中的作用研究进展

牛媛媛, 汪龙德, 胥文娟, 李正菊, 张瑞婷, 吴毓谦

Research progress in the role of M1/M2 polarization of macrophages in different liver diseases

NIU Yuanyuan, WANG Longde, XU Wenjuan, LI Zhengju, ZHANG Ruiting, WU Yuqian

表1 巨噬细胞极化的表型分类、诱导剂、细胞因子分泌、生物标志物、信号通路及功能作用

Tab 1 Phenotypic classification， inducers， cytokine secretion， biomarkers， signaling pathways and functional characteristics of macrophage polarization

Macrophage polarization type	Inducer	Cytokine secretion	Biomarker	Signaling pathways affecting polarization	Functional characteristics
M1 macrophage	LPS, IFN-γ	IL-6, IL-12, IL-1β, TNF-α, NO, GFAP, iNOS	CD80, CD86, CD16/32	NF-κB, MAPK, Wnt/ β-catenin, Notch	Antigen-presenting, mediating Th1 and Th17 immune responses, proinflammatory, anti-tumor, eliminating pathogens
M2a macrophage	IL-4, IL-13	Arg-1, CCL17, IL-10, CCL22	CD206, CD103	IL-4/STAT6, MAPK, JNK-1/STAT6	Anti-inflammatory, mediating Th2 type immune response, tissue repair, allergy, fibrotic immune regulation
M2b macrophage	IL-33, LPS	IL-10, TNF-α, IL-6, TGF-β, VEGF	CD206, MHCⅡ	TLR4, PI3K
M2c macrophage	TGF-β, IL-10	Arg-1, TGF-β, CXCL13	CD163, CD206	JAK/STAT3, NF-κB, TGF-β/Smads	Phagocytosis, immunosuppression
M2d macrophage	TLR agonist	IL-10, VEGF, IL-12^low, TNF-α^low	CD206	TLR4, NF-κB	Organizational restructuring, angiogenesis