Abstract:

Norovirus has been recognized as an important cause of epidemic or sporadic viral gastroenteritis, which results in heavy economic burden and health problems all over the world. Noroviruses can be classified into 6 genogroups, including more than 35 genotypes. GI and GII are main pathogenic genogroups. Human histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) and intestinal microbial ecosystem play important roles in norovirus infection. Norovirus cannot be cultured in vitro and currently real-time RT-PCR is considered as the gold standard test for identifying the norovius. Norovirus mainly spreads via the fecal-oral route and outbreaks may occur in community or healthcare institutions. Old people and immune suppressed persons may be severely infected. Effective vaccine is not available and the main treatment is symptomatic treatment such as fluid infusion to alleviate clinical symptoms.

Key words: norovirus, viral gastroenteritis, intestinal microbial ecosystem