The specific mechanism of intracerebral neuron damage after status epilepticus was complicated. Studies suggested that status epilepticus could cause a series of physiopathologic changes in intracerebral neurons, such as the destruction of blood-brain barrier, the activation of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors, calcium influx, brain-specific enzymes, and the release of inflammatory cytokines. These changes could lead to brain neuronal degeneration, loss and necrosis. The new studies on neurons damage after status epilepticus are reviewed in this article.