Objective To design a prospective and controlled study to explore the relationship between the statin treatment and serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) level of patients with ischemic stroke. Methods A total of 120 consecutive outpatients with non-cardiogenic ischemic stroke were selected. Study for 117 patients was completed. These patients were divided into the statin treatment group (n=57, treated with atorvastatin of 20 mg/d) and non-statin treatment group (n=60). Results Before treatment, the difference of serum ADMA level of two groups was not statistically significant (P=0.352). After treatment, the serum ADMA level of the statin treatment group was significantly lower than that of the non-statin treatment group (P=0.013). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the age (β=0.26, P<0.05) and statin treatment (β=-0.20, P<0.05) were independent influencing factors of serum ADMA level, but serum cholesterol level (β=0.00, P=1.00) and low density lipoprotein level (β=0.00, P=0.98) were not independent influencing factors of serum ADMA level. Conclusion The statin treatment is significantly correlated with the decrease of serum ADMA level of patients with ischemic stroke and may prevent atherosclerotic diseases for patients with ischemic stroke by decreasing the serum ADMA level.