Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of eradicating Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) by levofloxacin based triple therapy compared to standard triple therapy. Methods Correlated randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy and safety of eradicating H. pylori by levofloxacin based triple therapy from papers published before 2014 were retrieved from Medline, Embase, Pubmed, Cochrane library, Sinomed retrieval platform, Wanfang Database, and CNKI. The quality of trials was assessed by the improved Jadad standard. Stata 12.0 software was used to analyze data. The combination model of effect size was selected according to the results of heterogeneity tests and the meta analysis was conducted. The Harbord and Trim and Filled method were utilized to evaluate the publication bias. Results Forty RCTs with 7 388 cases infected by H. pylori were selected for meta analysis according to the enrollment criteria. The results of analysis showed that compared to standard triple therapy, the eradication rate of H. pylori of levofloxacin based triple therapy was higher and the relative risk (RR) was 1.10 (95%CI=1.07-1.13); the healing rate of peptic ulcer was higher and RR was 1.06 (95%CI=1.02-1.09); and the side effect rate was lower and RR was 0.81 (95%CI=0.69-0.94). Conclusion Levofloxacin based triple therapy is effective for eradicating H. pylori and treating digestive ulcers with low side effect rate. It is an alternative choice of first-line treatments for eradicating H. pylori.