The incidence of chronic kidney disease has been increasing worldwide over recent years. Aging is a risk factor of the occurrence and development of chronic kidney disease. Sirtuin (silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog) is a conserved family of proteins with NAD⁺-dependent deacetylase. Sirtuins play vital roles in caloric restriction, longevity, and various metabolic diseases. The activation of nuclear SIRT1 and SIRT6 may induce gene silencing through deacetylation, then lead to reduction of apoptosis, inhibition of inflammation and fibrosis induced by chronic kidney disease. Meanwhile, SIRT1 may regulate stress responses, glucose and lipid metabolism, induction of autophagy, blood pressure, and sodium handling. SIRT3 locates in the mitochondria and regulates the activity of mitochondrial enzymes to involve in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease. This paper reviews the latest research progresses of the roles of Sirtuins in the occurrence and development of chronic kidney disease.