Objective To discover the influencing factors of job satisfaction and career burnout of medical staff, improve the job satisfaction, decrease the career burnout, and continuously improve the hospital management and medical service quality. Methods The stratified random sampling method was adopted and medical staff of a Shanghai hospital was surveyed by questionnaire. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis, factor analysis, average difference test, and Logistic regression analysis. Results The job satisfaction was negatively correlated with worry and numbness (r=-0.265,P=0.000) and burnout (r=-0.477,P=0.000). Worry and numbness was positively correlated with fatigue (r=0.433,P=0.000). The value of χ2 of high job satisfaction group and low job satisfaction group predicted by independent variables such as worry and numbness and fatigue was 98.763 (P=0.000), which could explain 31.0% and 41.6% of total variation of job satisfaction. The Wald values of 4 independent variables were 8.945, 8.772, 4.008, and 8.707 (P<0.05), respectively, which could be used for effectively predicting differences of the high job satisfaction group and low job satisfaction group. The correct classification rate was 76.3%. Conclusion The equal pay for equal work system should be established, the continuing education should be enhanced, and multi-sited practice for registered doctors should be implemented.