With the development of intervention therapy, CT, and three dimension reconstruction technology and the application of intravascular contrast media, the incidence of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) increased rapidly. Early diagnosis of CI-AKI contributes to timely treatment and significantly improves the prognosis. However, it is lagging and unreliable to use serum creatine (SCr) as a biomarker for the diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI). With the development of research, much attention has been paid to the biomarker of cystatin C (CysC), which seems to provide the possibility for the early diagnosis of CI-AKI and predicting the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE). This paper reviews recent researches relevant to using CysC as the biomarker for early diagnosis of CI-AKI and prediction of MACE and discusses the possibility and prospect of application of CysC.