Objective  To investigate the effects of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) combined with anti-glaucoma eye drops and medication alone on decreasing the intraocular pressure (IOP) of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension and types of medication. Methods  A total of 78 patients (156 eyes) of primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension whose IOPs met the target IOP after medication were selected. The SLT combined with medication group (39 patients, 78eyes) underwent 360° SLT combined with medication and medication alone group only underwent medication. Both groups adjusted the medication according to the IOP. Results  The differences of IOP and types of medication between SLT combined with medication group and medication alone group before treatment were not statistically significant (P>0.05). After 6 months of treatment, IOP of SLT combined with medication group (17.73±3.40) mmHg were lower than those of medication alone group (19.89±2.90) mmHg and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). IOP of SLT combined with medication group after treatment were lower than those before treatment (P<0.001). After 6 months of treatment, types of medication of SLT combined with medication group (2.19±0.30) were less than those of medication alone group (3.22±0.40) and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Types of medication of SLT combined with medication group after treatment were less than those before treatment (P<0.001). Conclusion  SLT combined with medication can further decrease the IOP and types of anti-glaucoma medication.