Objective · To analyze pathology and clinical indexes of the patients diagnosed as IgA nephropathy by renal biopsy so as to determine the correlation between the clinical indexes and the extent of renal pathological damage.  Methods · The pathological files of 73 patients with IgA nephropathy confirmed by renal biopsy in East Hospital affiliated to Tongji University from 2012 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical indexes, such as blood pressure, serum uric acid, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, 24 h urine protein quantitation, evaluated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), triacylglycerol, total cholesterol and complement C3, were compared among the patients with different grades, types and extents of IgA nephropathy. The correlations were also conducted.  Results · The 73 patients with IgA nephropathy had an average onset age of (37.07±12.58) years old, whose male to female ratio was 1.21:1. The results showed that there was statistic difference in the indexes of serum uric acid, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and eGFR among the different Hass grades and Oxford pathological classification (P<0.05). Besides, serum complement C3 level and partial immunofluorescence sediment intensity of kidney were correlated with pathological types. The lower serum complement C3 level was, the stronger immunofluorescence sediment intensity was, the severer pathological grading was, and the worse renal function was.  Conclusion · The clinical parameters of IgA nephropathy patients can be used to predict the extent of renal pathological damage. Serum uric acid, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, eGFR and serum complement C3 level can be used as the indexes to judge the degree of pathologic damage and the progression of the disease at early stage.