Objective · To observe the clinical effect of bleomycin for prevention of recurrence after pterygium treatment. Methods · Pterygium excision surgery combined with conjunctival autograft transplantation method on 59 patients (82 eyes) was performed, bleomycin (3 mg/mL) was used to prevent recurrence during the surgery. Corneal and conjunctival wound healing, recurrence rate and complications were observed in all the patients after surgery. Results · All the patients were followed-up for 6 months or more [(18.5±9.7) months]. After surgery, the corneas were transparent; the conjunctival flaps healed well and fused with surrounding tissues; no obvious scar hyperplasia and no recurrence of pterygium occured during the follow-up. None of the patients had sustained corneal epithelial defect, scleral ischemia, symblepharon, secondary glaucoma or cataract. Conclusion · The application of bleomycin may reduce the recurrence rate of pterygium effectively without serious complications.