Objective · To test the mechanism of mindfulness-based intervention in patients with amphetamine-types stimulants disorders. Methods · Forty participants a drug rehabilitation center in Shanghai who had amphetamine-type stimulants disorders were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial and randomly divided into either the intervention group or control group. The control group only received the normal treatment, while the intervention group received mindfulness-based intervention as well as normal treatment. Resting state electroencephalogram and mindfulness attention awareness were assessed before and after the intervention. Results · Compared with the control group, the scores of mindfulness attention awareness improved significantly in the intervention group (P0.000), and functional connectivity of frontal cortex (F4 and F5) under the eye-open state and parietal-occipital cortex (P7 and O2) under the mindfulness state increased significantly in the intervention group in β oscillations (P0.000). Moreover, the functional connectivity of parietal-occipital cortex was significantly correlated with the mindfulness attention awareness scores in the intervention group (P0.000). Conclusion · Mindfulness-based intervention is effective in improving the mindfulness attention awareness and increasing the electroencephalogram functional connectivity of partial frontal and parietal-occipital cortex for patients with amphetamine-type stimulants disorders.