Objective · To investigate the suicidal ideation among unmarried female miworkers in Shanghai and Guangzhou and explore the association between suicidal ideation and some psychosocial problems, reproductive health factors. Methods · A questionnaire survey was conducted among 3 553 unmarried female miworkers in two factories in Shanghai and two in Guangzhouconvenient sampling. Logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of suicide ideation including psychosocial problems and reproductive health factors. Results · Overall, 287(8.1%) of the respondents had suicidal ideation during the past year. Univariate Logistic regression showed that alcohol, low self-esteem, depression, anxiety, loneliness, poor social support (emotional support and economic support), favorable attitude toward premarital pregnancy, favorable attitude toward multiple induced abortion, experience of unplanned pregnancy and experience of induced abortion were related to suicidal ideation after demographic factors being corrected. Multivariate Logistic regression showed that alcohol (OR1.42, 95% CI 1.04–1.93), low self-esteem (OR1.47, 95% CI 1.03–2.11), loneliness (OR3.30, 95% CI 2.42–4.51), poor emotional support (OR2.68, 95% CI 2.00–3.61) and poor economic support (OR3.79, 95% CI 2.86–5.04) were the critical factors. Conclusion · The factors such as risk behavior, mental health, lack of social support were associated with increased odds for suicidal ideation among the unmarried female miworkers. The prevention and intervention mechanism should be constructed, and the social support should be enhanced to effectively prevent the occurrence of suicidal ideation.