In practice, public health includes three domains, that is, health improvement, health protection and health service. Health improvement depends on social economy, local government roots of the profession, health promotion and all determinants of health. Health protection deals mainly with communicable disease control, environment and occupational health protection, and chemicals and rays protection. Health service capacity improvement depends on the quality and efficiency of health system and health economics. The core skills and knowledge of public health are epidemiology, biostatistics, clinical trials, low and ethics. This paper deals with the commentary of concept and domains of public health in China through system literature review.