Objective To build up the evaluation indicator system of health service providing reform in China. Methods The evaluation indicator system of health service providing reform in China was established based on the evaluation frame of Balance Scorecard and the results of Delphi expert consultation and public questionnaire survey. Results According to the theory of Balanced Scorecard, the evaluation frame of health service providing reform was composed of government perspective, public perspective, hospital management perspective and hospital development perspective, and the evaluation indicators were determined. Expert consultation revealed that satisfaction in the examinations and treatment, prevalence of medical accidents, rate of sickbed turnover, number of sickbed per thousand population and number of medical staff per thousand population were indicators with higher weight. Public questionnaire survey indicated that qualification of medical staff, rate of annual growth of government investment, health network coverage, satisfaction in medical service from patients and prevalence of medical accidents were indicators with higher scores. Conclusion The evaluation indicator system of health service providing reform in China is preliminarily established, which mainly contains aspects of government investment in health service, construction of health facilities and cultivation of medical staff, and management of quality, efficiency and cost of health service.