MicroRNA (miRNA) is a family of non-coding RNA with 20-25 nt in length, which has a wide distribution in eukaryotes. It can regulate the gene expression at the level of post-transcription by binding to the mRNA. miRNA is involved in a wide range of biological processes, including early embryonic development, cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation. Abnormal expression of miRNA usually correlates with various human tumors, acting as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Increasing studies have indicated that miRNA play an important regulatory role in hematopoietic tumorigenesis, and the research progress in this field is reviewed in this paper.