microRNA (miRNA), consisted of about 22 nucleotides, are noncoding small RNA. They can impact the target RNA, thus regulating the physiological and pathological processes and possessing an significant action in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. It has been reported that miRNA, modulating the deposition of collagen, expression of fibronectin, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and effect of transforming growth factor-β in kidney, are involved in the mechanism of renal fibrosis.