Objective To explore the methods and significance of regional mutual recognition of laboratory examination results. Methods Institution for laboratory medicine was established to provide services for all hospitals in Changshu health system. Unified management mode, examination assays and quality control materials, method comparison assays, information sharing platform and sample transfer standard were applied to ensure mutual recognition of laboratory examination results in Changshu. Results Laboratory resources of manpower, property and facilities were employed effectively, laboratory sample transfer system and information platform were standardized, laboratory quality control and examination efficiency were significantly improved, and turnaround time of samples was effectively reduced. Conclusion Mutual recognition of laboratory examination results can be effectively achieved by establishing government controlled regional institution for laboratory medicine, which can reduce the financial burden of patients and improve the diagnosis and treatment levels of hospitals ranging from third-grade hospitals to community health centers.