Abstract: Objective · To understand the awareness of preventive treatment of disease in community residents, analyze the influencing factors, and explore ways to improve the awareness and service utilization.  Methods · Community residents over 18 years of age who were from 26 community health service centers which were randomly selected in Shanghai were surveyed with a self-designed questionnaire. General descriptive analysis was used for basic information and chi-square test for influencing factors. OR values were calculated and Logistic regression analysis was performed.  Results · The awareness rate in community residents was low (57.1%). They got to know the preventive treatment of disease mainly through radio or television (48.4%), newspapers or magazines (36.9%), community propaganda (35.5%), and so on. The influencing factors were age, occupation, education, income, and ways to get to know the preventive treatment of disease. In short, the awareness rate and cognitive level in vulnerable groups were lower.  Conclusion · The effects of current propaganda of the preventive treatment of disease is limited. The propaganda should be more scientific and pertinent, so as to deepen the cognition of community residents and promote the service utilization.

Key words: preventive treatment of disease, traditional chinese medicine, community residents, influence factors