Coronary artery heart disease (CHD) is a common clinical disease with high morbidity and mortality. In recent years, with the improvement of people's living standards and the changes of lifestyle, the age of CHD tends to be younger. Based on the present research situation at home and abroad, this paper explores the hereditary factors, clinical risk factors, inflammatory indexes and new inflammatory markers related to the diagnosis and treatment of premature CHD (PCHD). And the particularity of PCHD in women is analyzed. It is pointed out that PHD is dominated by hereditary factors, with multiple risk factors participating together including psychological factors, and closely related to inflammatory indicators. The emergence of new inflammatory markers provides certain value for the prediction, diagnosis and treatment of PCHD.