Objective To observe the effects of liposome prostaglandin E1 (Lipo-PGE1) on prethrombotic state of patients with severe burn. Methods Twenty-five patients with severe burn whose total burn area≥ 50% total body surface area(TBSA) and/or burn area of degree Ⅲ≥ 20% TBSA were randomly divided into Lipo-PGE1 group (n=15) and control group (n=10). Patients in both groups were given conventional treatment after admission, and those in Lipo-PGE1 group were managed with intravenous injection of Lipo-PGE1 (10 μg once a day for 7 d). Blood samples were collected 1 d, 2 d, 3 d, 7 d and 14 d after burn, and antithrombin antigen (AT：Ag), antithrombin activity (AT：A), protein C activity (PC：A), protein S activity (PS：A), P-selectin (P-sel), soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC) and plasmin-α2-antiplasmin complex (PAP) were determined. Thromboelastogram (TEG) was recorded with coagulation analyzer, and the parameters of TEG in Lipo-PGE1 group were compared before and after treatment to assess the coagulation function. ResultsThere was no significant difference in AT：Ag, AT：A, PC：A, PS：A, SFMC and PAP between tow groups at different time points after burn (P>0.05). The expression of P-sel in Lipo-PGE1 group was significantly lower than that in control group 3 d and 7 d after burn (P<0.05). Analysis of TEG parameters revealed that the thromboplastin generation time was (3.77±0.90) min before treatment and (4.98±0.72) min after treatment in Lipo-PGE1 group, and the latter was significantly longer than the former (P<0.05). Conclusion Early application of Lipo-PGE1 after severe burn may effectively improve the prethrombotic state.