Tuberculosis is the most common cause of death due to a single infectious agent. The emergence of drug resistance and multidrug resistance is one of the important causes for the epidemics and widespreading of tuberculosis. It is of vital importance to develop the standard and effective detection approach of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and to set up the effective breakpoints in the fields of individualized treatment, detection of drug resistance and drug screening for tuberculosis. The research progress of MIC detection technology and breakpoints setting for Mycobacterium tuberculosis are reviewed in this paper.