上海交通大学学报(医学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (11): 1436-1444.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2023.11.012
• 综述 • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2023-06-19
接受日期:
2023-09-15
出版日期:
2023-11-28
发布日期:
2023-11-28
通讯作者:
苑成梅
E-mail:xinluoflora@163.com;yuanchengmei@yeah.net
作者简介:
罗 鑫(1999—),女,硕士生;电子信箱:xinluoflora@163.com。
基金资助:
Received:
2023-06-19
Accepted:
2023-09-15
Online:
2023-11-28
Published:
2023-11-28
Contact:
YUAN Chengmei
E-mail:xinluoflora@163.com;yuanchengmei@yeah.net
Supported by:
摘要:
失眠障碍是最常见的睡眠-觉醒障碍,长期失眠对个体的身心健康有严重的负面影响。选择恰当的测量工具作为失眠的评价指标,对于科研和临床工作者而言尤为重要。国际上已存在多个常用的失眠评估量表,包括匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,PSQI)、失眠严重程度指数(Insomnia Severity Index,ISI)等,这些量表广泛应用于评估失眠症状和睡眠质量,为研究者和临床医师提供了可靠的量化工具。除了常规的失眠评估量表,部分量表从睡眠的认知、睡眠卫生、不同人群睡眠情况的角度进行评估。在国内,学者们积极开发适用于中国人群的失眠评估工具,其中也包含针对特殊人群的睡眠评估。此外,还开发了一些具有中医特色的失眠评估量表,以满足国内对于中西医结合治疗的需求。研究者在量表的编制过程中,需要明确量表开发的目的,选择合适的心理测量学方法,并注重量表的可靠性和有效性;同时,开发能够区分失眠亚型的量表,并加强失眠相关量表的多样性。该文对失眠相关量表的汉化及开发现状进行了总结,并对现有量表提出了评价及未来展望。
中图分类号:
罗鑫, 苑成梅. 失眠相关量表汉化及开发现状[J]. 上海交通大学学报(医学版), 2023, 43(11): 1436-1444.
LUO Xin, YUAN Chengmei. Current status of development of Chinese versions of insomnia-related scales[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Science), 2023, 43(11): 1436-1444.
Classification | Scale | Item/n | Time | Reliability and validity of Chinese version | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Assessment of sleep quality | PSQI | 24 | 1 month | Cronbach′s α: 0.842. Test-retest reliability: 0.809 2. Split-half reliability: r=0.866 1. PSQI was positively associated with the score of SDS (r =0.428 9, P<0.01) and SAS (r =0.416 2, P<0.01) | [ |
SQS | 28 | 1 month | Cronbach′s α was 0.89 among Chinese drivers. Daytime dysfunction factor significantly predicted violation involvement and accident involvement (P=0.001) | [ | |
SQQ | 10 | Not reported | Cronbach′s α : 0.828. Test-retest reliability: the ICCs ranged from 0.738 to 0.764. SQQ was negatively associated with the score of NRSS-C (r =-0.645) and SCI-C (r =-0.588) | [ | |
LSEQ | 10 | Not reported | Not reported | [ | |
Assessment of sleep-wake disorders | SDQ | 175 | 6 months | Not reported | [ |
Sleep-50 Questionnaire | 50 | 1 month | Not reported | [ | |
Assessment of insomnia | ISI | 7 | 2 weeks | Cronbach′s α was 0.81 among old people. Content validity index was 0.94. Construct validity: ISI-C was positively associated with the score of PSQI (r =0.686, P<0.001) and negatively associated with sleep efficiency (r =-0.583, P<0.001) | [ |
AIS | 8 | 1 month | Test-retest reliability: 0.80. AIS was positively associated with the score of Epworth Sleepiness Scale (r =0.44) and General Health Questionnaire (r =0.51) | [ | |
BIS | 6 | 1 month | Not reported | [ | |
SCI | 8 | 1 month | Cronbach′s α: 0.817. SCI was negatively associated with the score of SQQ (r =-0.558, P < 0.001) | [ | |
MISS | 3 | Not reported | Not reported | [ | |
JSS | 4 | 1 month | Not reported | [ | |
Sleep cognitive assessment | DBAS-30 | 30 | 1 month | Cronbach′s α: 0.835. Test-retest reliability: 0.94. Split-half reliability: 0.81. DBAS-30 was positively associated with the score of DBAS-16 (r =0.86), and was negatively associated with the score of PSQI (r =-0.48) | [ |
GSES | 7 | 1 week | Cronbach′s α was 0.775 among college students. Test-retest reliability: 0.917. GSES was positively associated with the score of PSQI (r =0.405), and was negatively associated with the score of DBAS-16 (r =-0.439) | [ | |
Classification | Scale | Item/n | Time | Reliability and validity of Chinese version | Reference |
Sleep hygiene assessment | SHAPS | 31 | 1 week | Not reported | [ |
SHI | 13 | Not reported | Cronbach′s α was 0.62 among students in nursing major. Test-retest reliability: 0.9. SHI was positively associated with the score of ISI (r =0.25) | [ | |
Assessment of sleep quality of different populations | CSHQ | 33 | 1 month | Cronbach′s α: 0.73. The consistency between mother and father was 0.89. Test-retest reliability was 0.85 | [ |
SDSC | 26 | 6 months | Cronbach′s α was 0.86 among preschoolers. Split-half reliability: 0.802 | [ | |
RCSQ | 6 | 1 d | Cronbach′s α was 0.895 among ICU patients. Content validity: 0.84. RCSQ was positively associated with the score of SMH (r =0.504‒0.856) | [ | |
SMH | 9 | 1 d | Not reported | [ | |
VSH | 8 | 3 d | Not reported | [ | |
MOS-SS | 12 | 1 month | Cronbach′s α =0.72‒0.88. Test-retest reliability ranged from 0.64 to 0.91 | [ |
表1 国际上常用的失眠相关评估量表
Tab 1 International insomnia-related scales
Classification | Scale | Item/n | Time | Reliability and validity of Chinese version | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Assessment of sleep quality | PSQI | 24 | 1 month | Cronbach′s α: 0.842. Test-retest reliability: 0.809 2. Split-half reliability: r=0.866 1. PSQI was positively associated with the score of SDS (r =0.428 9, P<0.01) and SAS (r =0.416 2, P<0.01) | [ |
SQS | 28 | 1 month | Cronbach′s α was 0.89 among Chinese drivers. Daytime dysfunction factor significantly predicted violation involvement and accident involvement (P=0.001) | [ | |
SQQ | 10 | Not reported | Cronbach′s α : 0.828. Test-retest reliability: the ICCs ranged from 0.738 to 0.764. SQQ was negatively associated with the score of NRSS-C (r =-0.645) and SCI-C (r =-0.588) | [ | |
LSEQ | 10 | Not reported | Not reported | [ | |
Assessment of sleep-wake disorders | SDQ | 175 | 6 months | Not reported | [ |
Sleep-50 Questionnaire | 50 | 1 month | Not reported | [ | |
Assessment of insomnia | ISI | 7 | 2 weeks | Cronbach′s α was 0.81 among old people. Content validity index was 0.94. Construct validity: ISI-C was positively associated with the score of PSQI (r =0.686, P<0.001) and negatively associated with sleep efficiency (r =-0.583, P<0.001) | [ |
AIS | 8 | 1 month | Test-retest reliability: 0.80. AIS was positively associated with the score of Epworth Sleepiness Scale (r =0.44) and General Health Questionnaire (r =0.51) | [ | |
BIS | 6 | 1 month | Not reported | [ | |
SCI | 8 | 1 month | Cronbach′s α: 0.817. SCI was negatively associated with the score of SQQ (r =-0.558, P < 0.001) | [ | |
MISS | 3 | Not reported | Not reported | [ | |
JSS | 4 | 1 month | Not reported | [ | |
Sleep cognitive assessment | DBAS-30 | 30 | 1 month | Cronbach′s α: 0.835. Test-retest reliability: 0.94. Split-half reliability: 0.81. DBAS-30 was positively associated with the score of DBAS-16 (r =0.86), and was negatively associated with the score of PSQI (r =-0.48) | [ |
GSES | 7 | 1 week | Cronbach′s α was 0.775 among college students. Test-retest reliability: 0.917. GSES was positively associated with the score of PSQI (r =0.405), and was negatively associated with the score of DBAS-16 (r =-0.439) | [ | |
Classification | Scale | Item/n | Time | Reliability and validity of Chinese version | Reference |
Sleep hygiene assessment | SHAPS | 31 | 1 week | Not reported | [ |
SHI | 13 | Not reported | Cronbach′s α was 0.62 among students in nursing major. Test-retest reliability: 0.9. SHI was positively associated with the score of ISI (r =0.25) | [ | |
Assessment of sleep quality of different populations | CSHQ | 33 | 1 month | Cronbach′s α: 0.73. The consistency between mother and father was 0.89. Test-retest reliability was 0.85 | [ |
SDSC | 26 | 6 months | Cronbach′s α was 0.86 among preschoolers. Split-half reliability: 0.802 | [ | |
RCSQ | 6 | 1 d | Cronbach′s α was 0.895 among ICU patients. Content validity: 0.84. RCSQ was positively associated with the score of SMH (r =0.504‒0.856) | [ | |
SMH | 9 | 1 d | Not reported | [ | |
VSH | 8 | 3 d | Not reported | [ | |
MOS-SS | 12 | 1 month | Cronbach′s α =0.72‒0.88. Test-retest reliability ranged from 0.64 to 0.91 | [ |
Classification | Instrument | Clinical application | Norm model | Cut-off score | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Assessment of sleep | SRSS | Used to investigate sleep in different populations or as an indicator of efficacy | Yes | A cut-off score ≥23 was diagnosed as insomnia | [ |
CPSDS | For screening and assessment of sleep disorders in the general population | No | Not reported | [ | |
Assessment of insomnia | SDRS | For assessing the severity of insomnia | No | Not reported | [ |
WIIQ | It can be used as an alternative to PSQI to assess the severity of insomnia | No | A cut-off score≥5 was diagnosed as insomnia | [ | |
Insomnia scale of TCM | For evaluating the efficacy of Chinese medicine in the treatment of insomnia | No | Not reported | [ | |
Assessment of sleep quality of different populations | SQSCMP | For the assessment of sleep in soldiers | No | Not reported | [ |
SSSAS | To assess the ability of soldiers to adapt and self-adjust to changes in their sleep environment | No | Not reported | [ | |
CMPSDS | For assessing sleep problems in soldiers | No | Not reported | [ | |
ISAS | For assessing the sleep of infants from 0 to 3 months | Yes | The cut-off values for poor and abnormal sleep were 31 and 34, respectively | [ | |
For assessing the sleep of infants aged 4‒11 months | The cut-off values for poor and abnormal sleep were 32 and 35, respectively | ||||
TSAS | For assessing sleep in toddlers aged 12‒35 months | Yes | The total score>40 indicated poor sleep, and >45 indicated abnormal sleep | [ |
表2 国内失眠相关量表
Tab 2 Domestic insomnia scales
Classification | Instrument | Clinical application | Norm model | Cut-off score | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Assessment of sleep | SRSS | Used to investigate sleep in different populations or as an indicator of efficacy | Yes | A cut-off score ≥23 was diagnosed as insomnia | [ |
CPSDS | For screening and assessment of sleep disorders in the general population | No | Not reported | [ | |
Assessment of insomnia | SDRS | For assessing the severity of insomnia | No | Not reported | [ |
WIIQ | It can be used as an alternative to PSQI to assess the severity of insomnia | No | A cut-off score≥5 was diagnosed as insomnia | [ | |
Insomnia scale of TCM | For evaluating the efficacy of Chinese medicine in the treatment of insomnia | No | Not reported | [ | |
Assessment of sleep quality of different populations | SQSCMP | For the assessment of sleep in soldiers | No | Not reported | [ |
SSSAS | To assess the ability of soldiers to adapt and self-adjust to changes in their sleep environment | No | Not reported | [ | |
CMPSDS | For assessing sleep problems in soldiers | No | Not reported | [ | |
ISAS | For assessing the sleep of infants from 0 to 3 months | Yes | The cut-off values for poor and abnormal sleep were 31 and 34, respectively | [ | |
For assessing the sleep of infants aged 4‒11 months | The cut-off values for poor and abnormal sleep were 32 and 35, respectively | ||||
TSAS | For assessing sleep in toddlers aged 12‒35 months | Yes | The total score>40 indicated poor sleep, and >45 indicated abnormal sleep | [ |
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