目的 探讨有效缩短患者候检时间累加和的优化算法，充分挖掘医院现有资源的服务能力。方法 以门诊患者候检时间累加和为目标函数，建立门诊检查的混合开放车间作业模型。计算各检查部门设备的服务检查负荷，确定瓶颈部门；提出了基于瓶颈部门的半在线优化算法，并在上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院的20批门诊患者的候诊过程中进行数据验证。结果 通过基于瓶颈的半在线检查项目序列优化算法，20批门诊患者的候诊时间累加和减少了10.5%。结论 与患者随机生成检查序列相比，优化算法可以明显缩短患者的候检时间累加和，提高医院现有资源的服务能力。

Objective To propose the optimized algorithm to effectively reduce the total waiting time of patients as so to make full use of the hospital resources for medical service. Methods With total waiting time of outpatients as objective function, hybrid open flow shop model of outpatient examinations was established. The examination load of equipment of each examination department was calculated, and the bottleneck department was determined. The semi-online algorithm based on the bottleneck department was proposed to minimize the total waiting time of outpatients, and was performed on the data collected from 20 groups of outpatients in the Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. Results Through the semi-online algorithm based on the bottleneck department, the total waiting time of 20 groups of outpatients decreased by 10.5%. Conclusion Compared with the sequence generated randomly by the outpatients, the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the total waiting time and improve the efficiency of hospital resources for medical service.