脓毒症是由感染及系统性炎症反应引起的临床综合征。脓毒症患者的凝血系统及炎症反应均发生异常，两者互为影响，在脓毒症的发生和发展中起着重要的作用。血栓调节蛋白作为凝血系统中重要的调节因子，它通过直接与间接的途径发挥抗炎和抗凝的双重作用，为脓毒症的治疗提供了一个新的方向。该文就血栓调节蛋白的结构、功能及其对脓毒症的治疗作用和临床研究进展进行综述。

Sepsis is a clinical syndrome which results from severe infection and systemic inflammatory response. Deregulated interplay between inflammation and coagulation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Thrombomodulin is an endogenous anticoagulant protein that possesses both anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant properties in directly and indirectly ways, which provides a new choice for the treatment of sepsis. The structure, function and application of thrombomodulin in the treatment of sepsis are introduced in this paper.