目的 探讨社区日间照料护理对改善社区慢性精神分裂症患者社会功能的影响。方法 采用随机、对照和开放性的临床试验设计，入选患者80例，随机分为干预组（n=40），接受社区日间照料护理12个月和对照组（n=40），接受常规护理随访。两组分别在干预前、干预后6个月和12个月采用简明精神病评定量表（BPRS）、精神病护理观察量表（NORS）和社会功能缺陷筛选量表（SDSS）对患者进行评定。结果 在实施日间照料护理6和12个月后，干预组的NORS总分较对照组明显提高（P<0.05），干预组BPRS总分较对照组明显下降（P<0.05），SDSS总分和除婚姻职能、家庭内活动外的其他8个因子得分较对照组明显下降（P<0.05），干预组患者康复效果和社会功能改善程度优于对照组患者。结论 在慢性精神分裂症患者中实施社区日间照料护理，可有效提高患者社会适应能力和社会交往能力，促进患者的社会功能。

Objective To explore the effects of day nursing care in community on improving the social functions of patients with chronic schizophrenia. Methods The random, control, and open clinical trial design was adopted. Eighty patients with chronic schizophrenia were selected and randomly divided into the intervention group (n=40) and the control group (n=40). Patients of the intervention group received day nursing care in community for 12 months and patients of the control group received routine follow-up care. Patients of two groups were evaluated by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Nursing Observation Rating Scale (NORS), and Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS) before intervention and 6 months and 12 months after intervention. Results After day care nursing was conducted for 6 and 12 months, the total score of NORS of the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group and the total score of BPRS of the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Compared to the control group, the total score of SDSS and scores of eight factors other than the marriage function and family activities of the intervention group were significantly decreased (P<0.05). The rehabilitation and social function improvement of the intervention group were much better than those of the control group. Conclusion Day nursing care in community for patients with chronic schizophrenia can efficiently improve the social adaptability and communication ability of patients and elevate their social function.