脑卒中的急性发作多数在基础病变基础上因日常生活中多种诱因的作用而发生，通常具有突发的特点，但关联机制尚不清楚。目前国内研究多集中于采用病例对照研究方法研究事件与脑卒中的关系，对诱因事件进行系统的定性、定量研究较少，缺乏对相关因素的深入调查分析。该文拟介绍国内外研究中常见的脑卒中急性发生的诱因及可能机制，同时介绍病例交叉研究方法，为脑卒中急性发生诱因提供理论依据，并为定量分析脑卒中急性发作提供研究方法。

Based on basic pathological changes, the acute onset of stroke is often triggered by various inducing factors of daily life. The onset of stroke is usually unexpected, but relevant mechanisms are not clear. Currently, most studies in China focus on the relationship between events and the stroke by the case control method. However, systematic qualitative and quantitative studies on inducing events and thorough investigation and analysis of relevant factors are lack. This paper reviews common inducing factors and possible mechanisms of acute onset of stroke according to studies from home and abroad, provides theoretical evidences for identifying inducing factors of acute onset of stroke by introducing the case-crossover study, and provides methods for quantitative analysis of acute onset of stroke.