随着体外心肺支持系统、体外肾替代支持治疗、人工肝替代支持治疗等技术的不断发展，体外生命支持在围手术期及急危重症患者救治中的作用越来越受到重视。机器的小型化和科技的创新使得生命支持系统从手术室转移至床旁，再发展成为便携式、移动式生命支持系统。在生命支持系统的帮助下，院前急危重症患者转运或转诊成为可能。该文就体外生命支持系统在急危重症患者替代救治中的应用及其展望进行综述。

With the development of cardiopulmonary support system, continuous renal replacement therapy, and artificial liver support system, the roles of extracorporeal life support in treating patients in the perioperative period or critical patients are attracting more and more attention. The miniaturization of machines and technology innovations make life support systems run from operating rooms to the bedside and become portable and mobile. With the help of life support systems, it is possible for pre-hospital critical patients to be transported or transferred. This paper reviews applications and prospects of extracorporeal life support systems for the treatment of critical patients.