肿瘤细胞中普遍存在代谢异常。丙酮酸激酶M2（PKM2）是糖酵解的关键酶，PKM2在肿瘤细胞中特异表达，不仅为肿瘤细胞生长提供必需的能量，更为肿瘤细胞提供合成生物大分子物质的原料。PKM2除表达于细胞质外，还可以进入肿瘤细胞核，发挥蛋白激酶的作用，促进肿瘤细胞增殖。肿瘤细胞通过多种方式调节PKM2的表达，如变构效应、转录调节、转录后修饰以及蛋白相互作用的影响。PKM2不仅是调控肿瘤代谢的重要激酶，而且对肿瘤的生长调控具有重要意义，有望在肿瘤的诊断和靶向治疗中发挥作用。

Metabolic disorders are a common feature of tumor cells. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is a key regulator of aerobic glycolysis in tumor cells. PKM2 expresses specifically in tumor cells and provides energy required for tumor cell growth, as well as materials for synthesis of biological macromolecular substances. PKM2 can not only express in the cytoplasm, but also enter tumor cell nucleus and act as a protein kinase, which can promote the proliferation of tumor cells. Tumor cells can regulate the expression of PKM2 via many ways, such as allosteric effect, transcription regulation, post-transcriptional modification, and interaction between proteins. PKM2 is not only an important kinase for regulating tumor metabolism, but also an important factor for regulating tumor growth. It is expected to play a crucial role in diagnosis and targeted therapy of tumor.