年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）是 50 岁以上老年人重要致盲眼病。血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）与湿性 AMD 发生发展密切相 关，目前主要采用针对VEGF 的单克隆抗体药物治疗，但维持时间短，需要频繁、重复治疗。随着基因治疗的发展，可能作为生物 标志物的可溶性血管内皮生长因子受体 -1（sFlt-1）逐渐受到关注。sFlt-1 是目前发现唯一的内源性 VEGF 抑制剂。在 AMD 发展过程 中，患者血清 sFlt-1 水平明显降低。该文就近年来有关 sFlt-1 的分子结构、病理生理学功能、在 AMD 发生发展中的作用、临床前研 究及临床研究进行综述。

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in people over 50 years old. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a critical role in the development of wet AMD. At present, the main treatment is monoclonal antibodies against VEGF, but the maintenance time is short, and it requires frequent and repeated treatment. Recently with the fast development of gene therapy, soluble VEGF receptor -1 (sFlt-1), which may act as one of the biomarkers of AMD, is gaining more attention. sFlt-1 is the unique endogenous VEGF inhibitor. With the development of AMD, serum sFlt-1 decreases markedly. This article reviewed the molecular structure and pathophysiological function of sFlt-1, its role in the advance of AMD, and the preclinical studies as well as clinical studies about it.