在肿瘤微环境中，程序性死亡蛋白 1（programmed cell death protein 1，PD-1）与程序性死亡配体 1（programmed death-ligand 1， PD-L1）的结合可促进肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸；而 PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂的应用可重塑机体免疫功能，从而有效识别并杀伤肿瘤细胞。近年来，PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂已在多种肿瘤的治疗中展现出可观的临床效应， PD-1抑制剂纳武单抗、派姆单抗已获美国食品药品监督管理局批准用于不可切除 /转移性黑色素瘤、非小细胞肺癌等肿瘤的临床治疗。而 PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂用于晚期胃癌治疗的临床研究也越来越多，其中多数研究的总生存期和客观缓解率等结果均显示其具有一定效果。该文就 PD-1/PD-L1信号通路， PD-L1表达与胃癌分型、预后的关系，以及 PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂在晚期胃癌治疗中的最新临床研究进展展开综述。

In the tumor microenvironment, the interaction of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) can promote the immune escape of tumor cells. The application of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade can restore host immune function to efficiently identify and kill tumor cells. In recent years, PD-1/PD-L1 blockade has shown remarkable clinical effects in a variety of tumors and U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved nivolumab and pembrolizumab for the treatment of unresectable/metastatic melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer and etc. Hence, a growing number of clinical trials on PD-1/PD-L1 blockade for advanced gastric cancer have been carried out, and the overall survival and objective response rate of most trials are promising. This paper reviewed PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway, the relationship between the of PD-L1 and the classification and prognosis of gastric cancer, and the clinical results of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in advanced gastric cancer.