克兰费尔特综合征（Klinefelter syndrome，KS）是一种染色体异常疾病，是导致男性不育的常见病因之一。该病在儿童期临床表现不典型，青春发育期及成年期除性发育异常外，还可伴有代谢综合征发生。该文报告1例以血糖升高为主诉就诊的KS患者，首诊考虑糖尿病，经仔细追问病史、查体及进一步检查，诊断为KS合并2型糖尿病。该病例提示临床医师需提高对KS的认识，以便能早期发现并做出诊断，及时治疗。

Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a chromosomal abnormality that is described to be one of the most common reasons for male infertility. The clinical symptoms of this disease are not typical in childhood, and it can also be accompanied by metabolic syndrome in adolescence and adulthood in addition to sexual developmental abnormalities. A case of KS with elevated blood glucose as the chief complaint was reported in this article. He was diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus in the beginning and then diagnosed as having KS complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus after medical history inquiry and further examinations. The case suggests that clinicians need to improve their understanding of KS in order to provide diagnosis and treatment in time.