目的·探究过敏相关阻塞性腮腺炎（allergy-related obstructive parotitis，AROP）的临床特点及其导管的超声特征。方法·纳入2020年10月—2022年10月因腮腺反复肿胀于上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院口腔外科就诊并诊断为AROP的患者，回顾性分析患者的临床资料，包括病史、临床表现、实验室检查和影像学检查等。采用静态超声显示AROP导管的形态特征，通过超声图像测量导管扩张最宽处的内径并进行导管扩张程度分级。采用动态超声显示AROP患者在功能状态下导管的形态变化，计算导管增宽的数值及比例，并记录是否出现腮腺肿胀症状。结果·37例患者诊断为AROP并纳入研究，男性9例（24.3%），女性28例（75.7%）。临床症状以腮腺反复肿胀、皮肤瘙痒以及导管排出黏液栓子为主。32例患者（86.5%）伴有全身过敏病史。血清IgE浓度和外周血嗜酸性细胞（peripheral blood eosinophil，PBE）绝对计数升高的比例分别为59.5%和43.2%。37例AROP患者的静态超声结果以导管扩张为主要表现。导管扩张程度分级结果分别是轻度21例（56.8%）、中度10例（27.0%）、重度6例（16.2%）。7例AROP患者行动态超声检查，结果其中4例处于非症状期，3例处于症状期。结论·AROP是一种与过敏反应密切相关的慢性阻塞性腮腺炎，对于其诊断应从多方面综合考虑。超声能有效显示腮腺导管的形态特征，并能用于评估导管的阻塞状态，有助于AROP的诊断和随访。

Objective ·To explore the clinical features of allergy-related obstructive parotitis (AROP) and the ultrasonic characteristics of its duct. Methods ·Patients diagnosed with AROP at the Oral Surgery Department of Shanghai Ninth People′s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from October 2020 to October 2022 due to recurrent swelling of parotid gland were included. Clinical data of the patients were retrospectively analyzed, including medical history, clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations and imaging examinations. Static ultrasound was used to display the morphological characteristics of the AROP duct, ultrasonic images were used to measure the inner diameter at the widest point of duct dilation, and the degree of duct dilation was graded. Dynamic ultrasound was used to show the morphological changes of the duct at the functional state of AROP patients. The value and ratio of duct widening were calculated, and the symptoms of parotid swelling were recorded. Results ·Thirty-seven patients were diagnosed with AROP and included in the study, including 9 males (24.3%) and 28 females (75.7%). The main clinical symptoms were recurrent swelling of parotid gland, skin itching and duct discharge of mucus plug. Thirty-two patients (86.5%) had a history of systemic allergic disease. The proportion of increased serum IgE concentration and peripheral blood eosinophil (PBE) absolute count was 59.5% and 43.2%, respectively. The static ultrasound results of 37 AROP patients were mainly manifested by duct dilation. The grading results of duct dilation degree were mild in 21 cases (56.8%), moderate in 10 cases (27.0%) and severe in 6 cases (16.2%). Seven patients with AROP underwent dynamic ultrasonography. Results showed that 4 patients were in the asymptomatic period and 3 patients were in the symptomatic period. Conclusion ·AROP is a type of chronic obstructive parotitis closely related to allergic reactions, and its diagnosis should be considered in many aspects. Ultrasound can effectively display the morphological characteristics of parotid duct, and can be used to assess the obstruction status of the duct, which is helpful for the diagnosis and follow-up of AROP.