收稿日期: 2023-09-13
录用日期: 2024-03-19
网络出版日期: 2024-04-28
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(82160883);2022年度甘肃省中医药科研立项课题(GZKZ-2022-5);兰州市城关区2021年科技计划项目(2021-9-2);2022年兰州市科技计划项目(2022-3-26);2023年甘肃省教育厅优秀研究生“创新之星”项目(2023CXZX-731)
Research progress in the role of M1/M2 polarization of macrophages in different liver diseases
Received date: 2023-09-13
Accepted date: 2024-03-19
Online published: 2024-04-28
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(82160883);Gansu Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Project in 2022(GZKZ-2022-5);Science and Technology Plan Project of Chengguan District of Lanzhou in 2021(2021-9-2);Science and Technology Plan Project of Lanzhou in 2022(2022-3-26);Excellent Graduate Student "Innovation Star" Project of Gansu Provincial Department of Education in 2023(2023CXZX-731)
巨噬细胞具有较强的可塑性与异质性，可针对不同信号刺激发生功能转化，如转化为经典激活M1型（即M1型极化）、选择性激活M2型（即M2型极化）等。巨噬细胞M1/M2型极化的途径较为广泛，涉及核因子-κB（nuclear factor-κB，NF-κB）/丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（mitogen-activated protein kinase，MAPK）信号通路、白细胞介素-4（interleukin-4，IL-4）/信号转导与转录激活因子6（signal transduction and activator of transcription 6，STAT6）信号通路、Notch信号通路、无翼样糖蛋白/β-连环蛋白（Wnt/β-catenin）信号通路等。同时，巨噬细胞M1/M2型极化可不同程度地受到外泌体、代谢物、非编码RNA、电刺激、益生菌等的功能调节，其失衡与不同类型肝病的发生、发展关系密切。该文通过对该极化的作用机制进行梳理，发现巨噬细胞M1型极化在肝组织损伤、炎症反应及纤维化进程中起助推作用，巨噬细胞M2型极化则相反；其中，肝癌作为慢性肝病的晚期阶段，以巨噬细胞M2型极化增强、巨噬细胞M1型极化受损为特征。因此，该文关注巨噬细胞M1/M2型极化在不同类型肝病中的作用，以期能更好地确立巨噬细胞亚群靶向疗法。
牛媛媛 , 汪龙德 , 胥文娟 , 李正菊 , 张瑞婷 , 吴毓谦 . 巨噬细胞M1/M2型极化在不同肝病中的作用研究进展[J]. 上海交通大学学报（医学版）, 2024 , 44(4) : 509 -517 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2024.04.012
Macrophages have strong plasticity and heterogeneity, and can undergo functional transformation in response to different signal stimuli, such as classical activation of M1 type (M1 type polarization) and selective activation of M2 type (M2 type polarization). The pathways of macrophage M1/M2 polarization are quite extensive, involving nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, interleukin-4 (IL-4)/signal transduction and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) signaling pathway, Notch signaling pathway, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, etc. At the same time, M1/M2 polarization of macrophages is also regulated by exosomes, metabolites, non-coding RNA, electrical stimulation, probiotics, etc., and its imbalance is closely related to the occurrence and development of different types of liver disease. In this paper, the mechanism of its polarization was reviewed, and it was found that M1 polarization of macrophages played a promoting role in the process of liver tissue injury, inflammation and fibrosis, while M2 polarization of macrophages played the opposite role. Among them, hepatocellular carcinoma, as the advanced stage of chronic liver disease, was characterized by increased M2 polarization and impaired M1 polarization of macrophages. Therefore, this paper pays attention to the role of M1/M2 polarization of macrophages in different types of liver diseases, in order to better establish the targeted therapy of macrophage subsets.
Key words： macrophage polarization; M1 macrophage; M2 macrophage; liver disease
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