儿童皮肤生理特性与生长发育需求决定了儿童瘢痕治疗有其特殊性。之前，国内外并无针对儿童瘢痕预防和治疗的临床实践指南。中华医学会烧伤外科学分会于2025年发布的《儿童瘢痕预防与治疗临床实践指南（2025版）》，以循证医学为基础，围绕创面处理、药物治疗、物理治疗、手术治疗、康复干预、心理支持等儿童瘢痕预防与治疗中的10个核心临床问题，形成20条推荐意见，构建了涵盖儿童瘢痕“预防-治疗-康复”的一体化指导体系。该指南结合制定背景与自身特色，在推荐意见的解读部分用较为详尽的文献证据，强调了推荐意见形成的内在逻辑，对目前临床尚存争议的治疗方法，作出全面、客观的评价，可为临床医师规范开展儿童瘢痕预防和治疗工作提供具有可操作性的指导和参考。该文结合儿童瘢痕预防和治疗领域的研究进展，对该指南要点进行解析，以帮助临床医师更好地理解和实施该指南。

The physiological characteristics of children′s skin and their growth and development needs determine the particularity of pediatric scar management. However, there were no clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of pediatric scars worldwide previously. The Clinical Practice Guideline for the Prevention and Treatment of Scars in Children (2025 Edition), released by the Chinese Society of Burn Surgery of the Chinese Medical Association in 2025, is based on evidence-based medicine. Focusing on 10 key clinical issues in pediatric scar prevention and treatment, including wound management, pharmacological therapy, physical therapy, surgical treatment, rehabilitation intervention, and psychological support, the guideline formulates 20 recommendations and establishes an integrated guidance system covering the prevention-treatment-rehabilitation continuum for pediatric scars. Combined with its formulation background and features, the guideline provides detailed literature evidence in the interpretation section of the recommendations, emphasizes the inherent logic behind the development of these recommendations, and conducts a comprehensive and objective evaluation of currently controversial therapeutic methods in clinical practice. It can serve as a practical guide and reference for clinicians to standardize the prevention and treatment of pediatric scars. Based on the research progress in pediatric scar prevention and treatment, this article analyzes the key points of the guideline to facilitate better understanding and implementation.