目的 探讨2型糖尿病社区饮食干预的效果。方法 选择上海市某社区确诊的2型糖尿病患者187人，随机分为干预组（n＝95）和对照组（n＝92），干预组由经培训的社区医师对其进行为期6个月的饮食指导和健康教育，对照组则不接受相关饮食指导和健康教育。比较两组患者干预前后饮食控制合格率、饮食知识知晓率、体格检查指标、血糖指标和血脂指标的变化。结果 与干预前比较，干预后干预组的饮食控制合格率和饮食知识知晓率显著提高(P<0.05)，腰臀比和血清三酰甘油显著降低(P<0.05)；空腹血糖和餐后2 h血糖显著降低(P<0.05)，且显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 社区饮食干预对2型糖尿病的控制有一定效果。

Objective To investigate the effects of community-based dietary intervention on type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods One hundred and eighty-seven patients with confirmed type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected from a community in Shanghai, and were randomly assigned to intervention group (n＝95) and control group (n＝92). Patients in intervention group received dietary intervention and health education for 6 month under the guidance of community doctors, while those in control group did not. The condition of dietary control, knowledge of dietary, parameters of physical examinations, serum glucose and serum lipid were compared before and after intervention between two groups. Results Compared with those before intervention, the rate of favorable dietary control and awareness of dietary knowledge significantly increased after intervention in intervention group (P<0.05), the waist hip ratio and serum triglyceride significantly decreased (P<0.05), the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2 h postprandial glucose (PG2h) significantly decreased, and were significantly lower than FPG and  PG2h of control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Community-based dietary intervention has some effects on the control of type 2 diabetes mellitus.