目的 探讨¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT意外发现胃肠道局限性高代谢灶的临床意义。方法 回顾性分析4 188例进行¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT检查的病例，选择满足以下条件的病例作为研究对象：¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT 检查中意外发现胃肠道局限性高代谢灶怀疑为恶性肿瘤，且在¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT检查前无相应部位的临床症状或影像学异常。共有45例病例入选，将PET/CT检查结果与病理结果进行对照。结果 4 188例被检者中意外发现胃肠道高代谢灶45例（1.1%），失访5例，经病理证实异常者40 例。其中恶性病变23例（57.5%），良性病变（癌前病变）2例（5%），炎性病变15例（37.5%）。胃肠道肿瘤组的SUVmax值为（9.8±4.5），高于炎症病变组的SUVmax值（6.5±2.5），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT意外发现的胃肠道局限性高代谢灶恶性肿瘤的可能性较大，需要给予足够的重视，对于无症状胃肠道肿瘤的早期发现和及时诊治具有重要意义。

Objective To explore the clinical value of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in detection of unexpected gastrointestinal lesions with high uptake. Methods The clinical data of 4 188 patients examined by ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT were retrospectively analysed. Patients with unexpected gastrointestinal lesions with high uptake suspected of malignant tumors examined by ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT, and without corresponding clinical symptoms and imaging abnormalities were selected. Forty-five out of 4 188 patients were enrolled, and the results of PET/CT examinations were compared with pathological findings. Results Unexpected gastrointestinal lesions with high uptake were detected in 45 out of 4 188 patients (1.1%). Among the 45 patients, 40 were confirmed by pathological examinations, and the other 5 were lost to follow up. Among the 40 patients, there were 23 cases (57.5%) of malignant lesions, 2 cases (5%) of benign lesions (precancerous lesions) and 15 cases (37.5%) of inflammatory lesions. SUVmax of gastrointestinal tumors group (9.8±4.5) was significantly higher than that of inflammatory lesions group （6.5±2.5）(P<0.05). Conclusion The possibility of unexpected gastrointestinal lesions with high uptake detected by ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT to be malignant ones is higher, and attention should be paid to the early detection and timely treatment of gastrointestinal tumors without symptoms.